<p>In recognition of its superior seed quality, the chia plant (<i>Salvia hispanica</i> L.) is one of the potential crops that is grown all over the world. Increased nutritional value and food security can be achieved by improving chia using innovative crop development techniques and natural resources. Researchers in this subject are actively using genomic technology to analyse the genetic architecture of the crop and determine crucial traits associated with nutritional value, biotic and abiotic resistance, and photoperiodic behaviour. These insights have sped up the crop's adaptation to changing environmental circumstances by making it possible to selectively breed improved cultivars. Future advancements in genetics and breeding practices may increase the chia plant’s resilience, nutritional value, and output, which would be advantageous to growers, the pharmaceutical sector, and consumers all around. This review paper provides an overview of the research and development on chia enhancement using novel omics platforms and the integration of genetic resources. This article also examines potential directions for future research, including the advancement of genomics, targeted breeding and sustainable agricultural practices. These actions may increase chia’s total seed production, quality, nutritional value, and climatic adaptation, which in turn me address nutritional security.</p> Graphical abstract