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<p>Carcinoembryonic antigen is a large glycoprotein that plays a significant role in regulating intercellular adhesion and is widely recognized as a molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and evaluation of colorectal cancer globally. However, no study to date has evaluated serum Carcinoembryonic antigen levels in the Indian population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess serum Carcinoembryonic antigen level patterns in colorectal cancer patients from the South Indian population. A total of 130 individuals, including 65 colorectal cancer patients and 65 healthy controls, were evaluated to analyze the combined and individual effects of the Carcinoembryonic antigen using standard protocols. The results showed that Carcinoembryonic antigen levels were significantly higher in patients (9.30 ± 3.20&#xa0;ng/ml) compared to controls (2.83 ± 0.57&#xa0;ng/ml, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, smoking and alcohol consumption were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of disease, with odds ratios of 5.83 (95% CI 2.63–12.93) and 6.36 (95% CI 2.93–13.79), respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Moreover, individuals who smoked or consumed alcohol had elevated mean Carcinoembryonic antigen levels of 9.42 ± 3.27&#xa0;ng/ml and 9.21 ± 3.26&#xa0;ng/ml, respectively. In conclusion, this study highlights that Carcinoembryonic antigen levels are significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients compared to controls. Furthermore, smoking and alcohol consumption are major risk factors that not only increase the likelihood of disease but also contribute to elevated Carcinoembryonic antigen levels.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen and risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study from South Indian population

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月18日

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  • Mohd Younis,
  • Parvinder Kumar,
  • Amrit Sudershan,
  • Sevgi Gezici,
  • Chanchal Angral,
  • Bharathi Muruganantham,
  • Gomathi Mohan,
  • Ishan Behlam,
  • Sanjeev Kumar Digra,
  • Vijaya Anand

摘要

Carcinoembryonic antigen is a large glycoprotein that plays a significant role in regulating intercellular adhesion and is widely recognized as a molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and evaluation of colorectal cancer globally. However, no study to date has evaluated serum Carcinoembryonic antigen levels in the Indian population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess serum Carcinoembryonic antigen level patterns in colorectal cancer patients from the South Indian population. A total of 130 individuals, including 65 colorectal cancer patients and 65 healthy controls, were evaluated to analyze the combined and individual effects of the Carcinoembryonic antigen using standard protocols. The results showed that Carcinoembryonic antigen levels were significantly higher in patients (9.30 ± 3.20 ng/ml) compared to controls (2.83 ± 0.57 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Additionally, smoking and alcohol consumption were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of disease, with odds ratios of 5.83 (95% CI 2.63–12.93) and 6.36 (95% CI 2.93–13.79), respectively (p < 0.0001). Moreover, individuals who smoked or consumed alcohol had elevated mean Carcinoembryonic antigen levels of 9.42 ± 3.27 ng/ml and 9.21 ± 3.26 ng/ml, respectively. In conclusion, this study highlights that Carcinoembryonic antigen levels are significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients compared to controls. Furthermore, smoking and alcohol consumption are major risk factors that not only increase the likelihood of disease but also contribute to elevated Carcinoembryonic antigen levels.

Graphical abstract