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<p>The maize B chromosome was identified more than a century ago, but its origin and function remain elusive. Initially, the maize B chromosome was thought to be genetically inert, but later observations revealed that the B chromosome affects plants in terms of cytogenetics, gene expression, and morphology when multiple copies are present. However, no research on whether the B chromosome affects the physiological characteristics of maize plants has been published. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the B chromosome on physiological parameters in maize B73 inbred seedlings with different numbers of B chromosomes (0, 1, 3 and ≥&#xa0;10, respectively). Our results revealed that the maize B chromosome can inhibit photosynthesis but increase the chlorophyll content of maize seedlings. Surprisingly, we found that the B chromosome may activate an antioxidant enzyme response system to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS; H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and reduce lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) levels by increasing the activities of catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase as well as the proline content under general growth conditions.</p>

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Physiological responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings to the B chromosome

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Nai-Yuan Cheng,
  • Yi-Ting Hsu,
  • Tzu-Che Lin,
  • Ya-Ming Cheng

摘要

The maize B chromosome was identified more than a century ago, but its origin and function remain elusive. Initially, the maize B chromosome was thought to be genetically inert, but later observations revealed that the B chromosome affects plants in terms of cytogenetics, gene expression, and morphology when multiple copies are present. However, no research on whether the B chromosome affects the physiological characteristics of maize plants has been published. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the B chromosome on physiological parameters in maize B73 inbred seedlings with different numbers of B chromosomes (0, 1, 3 and ≥ 10, respectively). Our results revealed that the maize B chromosome can inhibit photosynthesis but increase the chlorophyll content of maize seedlings. Surprisingly, we found that the B chromosome may activate an antioxidant enzyme response system to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2O2) and reduce lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) levels by increasing the activities of catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase as well as the proline content under general growth conditions.