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<p>Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) is gaining recognition as a promising polymer for various biomedical applications. This study investigates PEEK's mechanical, wear, and in vivo cytotoxicity behavior and its composites. The composites were reinforced with graphene oxide at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% and hydroxyapatite at 10, 20, and 30 wt%. The tensile results reveal that 30 wt% HA infusion enhances tensile strength by 74.03% compared to bare PEEK (BP). Hybrid GO and HA-infused PEEK composites show further improvements by 134%, despite their impact resistance being unremarkable and hardness slightly enhanced. Wear properties were examined under varying loading conditions by pin-on-plate tribometer. The coefficient of friction and wear rate increase with load and are 0.5 wt% of GO–10 wt% of HA-PEEK, demonstrating superior wear resistance. MG-63 cell line was used to assess the biological behaviour of theprepared composites, including MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase assay. The higher cell viability was noted after 72 h of incubation, with ALP activity reaching 48.52 ± 0.99 U/L in 30 wt% HA-PEEK and cell viability in 95.41% at 0.5 wt% GO–10 wt% of HA-PEEK composite. The examination concludes the GO and HA-infused PEEK system will be a potential candidate for various orthopedic applications. </p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Probing mechanical, wear, and in vivo cytotoxicity properties of PEEK-based polymer composites for orthopedic implant applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Sathishkumar Sankar,
  • Muthusivaramapandian Muthuraj,
  • Chandradass Jeyaseelan,
  • Prasun Chakraborti,
  • Jawahar Paulraj

摘要

Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) is gaining recognition as a promising polymer for various biomedical applications. This study investigates PEEK's mechanical, wear, and in vivo cytotoxicity behavior and its composites. The composites were reinforced with graphene oxide at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% and hydroxyapatite at 10, 20, and 30 wt%. The tensile results reveal that 30 wt% HA infusion enhances tensile strength by 74.03% compared to bare PEEK (BP). Hybrid GO and HA-infused PEEK composites show further improvements by 134%, despite their impact resistance being unremarkable and hardness slightly enhanced. Wear properties were examined under varying loading conditions by pin-on-plate tribometer. The coefficient of friction and wear rate increase with load and are 0.5 wt% of GO–10 wt% of HA-PEEK, demonstrating superior wear resistance. MG-63 cell line was used to assess the biological behaviour of theprepared composites, including MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase assay. The higher cell viability was noted after 72 h of incubation, with ALP activity reaching 48.52 ± 0.99 U/L in 30 wt% HA-PEEK and cell viability in 95.41% at 0.5 wt% GO–10 wt% of HA-PEEK composite. The examination concludes the GO and HA-infused PEEK system will be a potential candidate for various orthopedic applications.

Graphical abstract