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<p>Herein, an ionically cross-linked chitosan-oxalate/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) mesoporous nanocomposite was prepared by modifying the natural macromolecular biopolymer (chitosan, CHS) with a metal oxide nanomaterial (aluminum oxide,&#xa0;Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>&#xa0;nanoparticles) and then using an ionic cross-linking method with oxalate (OXA). The physicochemical properties of CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> have been comprehensively analyzed using methods like FTIR, XRD, BET, pH<sub>pzc</sub>, and FESEM-EDX. Box–Behnken design (BBD) was adopted to analyze the efficacy of CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in eliminating eosin y (EOY) dye from an aqueous solution. The study included many aspects that influence the adsorption process, including the quantity of CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (ranging from 0.01 to 0.07&#xa0;g), the duration of the process (10–40&#xa0;min), and the pH level (ranging from 4 to 10). The highest EOY decolorization (98.4%) was attained at a pH of 4, a dosage of 0.053&#xa0;g CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and a removal time of 39.6 min. The equilibrium behavior of EOY on CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> matched well with the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetics data of EOY adsorption by CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were well characterized using a pseudo-first-order model. The computed enthalpy ΔH° was endothermic (13.04 kJ/mol), the entropy ΔS° was positive (0.066&#xa0;kJ/molK), and Gibb's free energy ΔG° was negative (6.83–8.85&#xa0;kJ/mol) according to the thermodynamic studies, confirming that the adsorption process is spontaneous. The CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> material possesses an adsorption ability of 378.6&#xa0;mg/g. This work showcases the outstanding capacity of CHS-OXA/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as a very effective adsorbent for eliminating synthetic dyes from wastewater.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Ionically cross-linked chitosan-oxalate/Al2O3 nanocomposite for highly efficient removal of eosin y dye: adsorption isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic, and process optimization using BBD-RSM

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月7日

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  • Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed,
  • Rima Heider Al Omari,
  • Sultan Althahban,
  • Yosef Jazaa,
  • Mahmoud Abualhaija,
  • Sameer Algburi

摘要

Herein, an ionically cross-linked chitosan-oxalate/Al2O3 (CHS-OXA/Al2O3) mesoporous nanocomposite was prepared by modifying the natural macromolecular biopolymer (chitosan, CHS) with a metal oxide nanomaterial (aluminum oxide, Al2O3 nanoparticles) and then using an ionic cross-linking method with oxalate (OXA). The physicochemical properties of CHS-OXA/Al2O3 have been comprehensively analyzed using methods like FTIR, XRD, BET, pHpzc, and FESEM-EDX. Box–Behnken design (BBD) was adopted to analyze the efficacy of CHS-OXA/Al2O3 in eliminating eosin y (EOY) dye from an aqueous solution. The study included many aspects that influence the adsorption process, including the quantity of CHS-OXA/Al2O3 (ranging from 0.01 to 0.07 g), the duration of the process (10–40 min), and the pH level (ranging from 4 to 10). The highest EOY decolorization (98.4%) was attained at a pH of 4, a dosage of 0.053 g CHS-OXA/Al2O3, and a removal time of 39.6 min. The equilibrium behavior of EOY on CHS-OXA/Al2O3 matched well with the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetics data of EOY adsorption by CHS-OXA/Al2O3 were well characterized using a pseudo-first-order model. The computed enthalpy ΔH° was endothermic (13.04 kJ/mol), the entropy ΔS° was positive (0.066 kJ/molK), and Gibb's free energy ΔG° was negative (6.83–8.85 kJ/mol) according to the thermodynamic studies, confirming that the adsorption process is spontaneous. The CHS-OXA/Al2O3 material possesses an adsorption ability of 378.6 mg/g. This work showcases the outstanding capacity of CHS-OXA/Al2O3 as a very effective adsorbent for eliminating synthetic dyes from wastewater.

Graphical abstract