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Background <p>Hypothyroidism is now recognized as a possible cause of male infertility. This study assessed whether elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are associated with altered semen quality.</p> Objective <p>To evaluate the association between serum TSH levels and semen parameters, including sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, in infertile men using retrospective data from January 2022 to April 2025.</p> Materials and Methods <p>Retrospective data were collected from 227 men attending the Birthright Fertility Center from January 2022 to April 2025 over duration of 3&#xa0;years. Age, TSH levels, and semen parameters were analyzed. Pearson correlation and group comparisons were performed.</p> Results <p>A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between TSH levels and semen parameters. Higher TSH levels correlated with lower sperm concentration (r = –0.31), motility (r = –0.291), and morphology (r = –0.243) (p &lt; 0.001). Men with abnormal TSH had significantly poorer semen quality compared with those with normal TSH (p &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>Elevated TSH levels are linked with reduced sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. Thyroid function testing should be considered as part of male infertility evaluation.</p>

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Association Between Hypothyroidism and Semen Parameters: a Retrospective Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Yogesh Pohekar,
  • Ratna Durvasula,
  • Preethi Reddy,
  • Meghana Rao

摘要

Background

Hypothyroidism is now recognized as a possible cause of male infertility. This study assessed whether elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are associated with altered semen quality.

Objective

To evaluate the association between serum TSH levels and semen parameters, including sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, in infertile men using retrospective data from January 2022 to April 2025.

Materials and Methods

Retrospective data were collected from 227 men attending the Birthright Fertility Center from January 2022 to April 2025 over duration of 3 years. Age, TSH levels, and semen parameters were analyzed. Pearson correlation and group comparisons were performed.

Results

A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between TSH levels and semen parameters. Higher TSH levels correlated with lower sperm concentration (r = –0.31), motility (r = –0.291), and morphology (r = –0.243) (p < 0.001). Men with abnormal TSH had significantly poorer semen quality compared with those with normal TSH (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Elevated TSH levels are linked with reduced sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. Thyroid function testing should be considered as part of male infertility evaluation.