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Background <p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome (MS) share insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia pathways. The metabolic effects of COVID-19 on reproductive-age women are a concern. This study evaluated the updated ESHRE 2023 diagnostic paradigm to compare the clinical and metabolic profiles of women with and without COVID-19 infection, PCOS, MS, or both.</p> Methods <p>In this cross sectional observational study, out of 300 women assessed, 243 were diagnosed with PCOS, MS, or a combination of PCOS and MS and were incorporated into the final analysis. Participants were categorized into COVID-positive (<i>n</i> = 182) and COVID-negative (<i>n</i> = 61) groups based on verbal or documented infection history. The ESHRE 2023 criteria for PCOS (hyperandrogenism + oligo-/anovulation) and the AHA/NHLBI (2005) criteria for MS were utilized.</p> Results <p>Obesity exhibited a significant correlation with previous COVID-19 infection, as 96.3% of obese and 85.1% of overweight women tested positive for COVID-19 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). COVID-positive subjects had more amenorrhea (76.3%) and infrequent menstruation (80%) (<i>p</i> = 0.001, 0.012). In the COVID-positive group, metabolic indicators such waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, and blood pressure were considerably higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 for all). But HDL levels were similar (<i>p</i> = 0.764). Isolated PCOS had the greatest COVID-positive rate (82.5%), while MS (65.8%) and combined PCOS + MS (68.2%) had lower rates (<i>p</i> = 0.016).</p> Conclusion <p>COVID-19-infected women had increased BMI, metabolic indices, and menstrual abnormalities. These findings imply post-infection metabolic changes in PCOS and MS women, but causality is unclear.</p>

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Comparative Evaluation of PCOS and Metabolic Syndrome in Women with and Without Prior COVID-19 Infection at a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Amrita Chaurasia,
  • Beenu Beenu,
  • Richa Singh,
  • Vidhi Singh,
  • Vandana Maurya

摘要

Background

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome (MS) share insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia pathways. The metabolic effects of COVID-19 on reproductive-age women are a concern. This study evaluated the updated ESHRE 2023 diagnostic paradigm to compare the clinical and metabolic profiles of women with and without COVID-19 infection, PCOS, MS, or both.

Methods

In this cross sectional observational study, out of 300 women assessed, 243 were diagnosed with PCOS, MS, or a combination of PCOS and MS and were incorporated into the final analysis. Participants were categorized into COVID-positive (n = 182) and COVID-negative (n = 61) groups based on verbal or documented infection history. The ESHRE 2023 criteria for PCOS (hyperandrogenism + oligo-/anovulation) and the AHA/NHLBI (2005) criteria for MS were utilized.

Results

Obesity exhibited a significant correlation with previous COVID-19 infection, as 96.3% of obese and 85.1% of overweight women tested positive for COVID-19 (p < 0.001). COVID-positive subjects had more amenorrhea (76.3%) and infrequent menstruation (80%) (p = 0.001, 0.012). In the COVID-positive group, metabolic indicators such waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, and blood pressure were considerably higher (p < 0.01 for all). But HDL levels were similar (p = 0.764). Isolated PCOS had the greatest COVID-positive rate (82.5%), while MS (65.8%) and combined PCOS + MS (68.2%) had lower rates (p = 0.016).

Conclusion

COVID-19-infected women had increased BMI, metabolic indices, and menstrual abnormalities. These findings imply post-infection metabolic changes in PCOS and MS women, but causality is unclear.