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Introduction <p>Second-trimester abortions can occur due to various reasons like maternal complications, fetal malformations, cervico-uterine factors, or socioenvironmental triggers. Histopathological evaluation of product of conception (POC) is done to detect dysmorphic or disruptive abnormalities, uteroplacental insufficiency, or to rule out gestational trophoblastic disease. Genetic testing methods can help to identify any chromosomal abnormalities and genetic mutations associated with the pregnancy loss. The main aim of the study is to examine the histopathological features of POC and to correlate these findings with the genetic results to understand their clinical significance and involvement in pregnancy loss.</p> Materials and Methods <p>Our study followed a cohort for the period of two years (October 2022–October 2024) and recruited the patients who underwent second-trimester abortion on the basis of their antenatal abnormal ultrasound findings and after obtaining the informed consent. Placental villi or muscle tissue samples were collected and fixed in formalin for histopathological examinations. The abnormal histopathological findings were correlated with the genetic findings.</p> Results <p>The histopathological findings from 50 POC samples were analyzed. The 18 samples with unusual histopathological findings like dystrophic calcifications, vascular congestions, chorangiosis, chronic inflammation, fetus papyraceus, villous hypoplasia, and partial hydatidiform mole underwent genetic analysis. Genetic testing revealed likely pathogenic variant in <i>ACTA1</i> gene in one case and variants of uncertain significance in some cases.</p> Conclusion <p>Histopathological analysis and genetic testing of POC help in identifying conditions like molar pregnancies and understanding the genetic causes behind the pregnancy loss and can also assist the for future pregnancy planning.</p>

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Histopathological Evaluation of Products of Conception in Second-Trimester Abortions and Its Correlation with Genetic Findings in the Indian Population

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Juili Bharankar,
  • Vandana Bansal,
  • Shaini Joseph,
  • Neha Minde,
  • Akshay Gangurde,
  • Harshavardhan Gawde,
  • Shiny Babu,
  • Digumarthi V. S. Sudhakar,
  • Shailesh Pande

摘要

Introduction

Second-trimester abortions can occur due to various reasons like maternal complications, fetal malformations, cervico-uterine factors, or socioenvironmental triggers. Histopathological evaluation of product of conception (POC) is done to detect dysmorphic or disruptive abnormalities, uteroplacental insufficiency, or to rule out gestational trophoblastic disease. Genetic testing methods can help to identify any chromosomal abnormalities and genetic mutations associated with the pregnancy loss. The main aim of the study is to examine the histopathological features of POC and to correlate these findings with the genetic results to understand their clinical significance and involvement in pregnancy loss.

Materials and Methods

Our study followed a cohort for the period of two years (October 2022–October 2024) and recruited the patients who underwent second-trimester abortion on the basis of their antenatal abnormal ultrasound findings and after obtaining the informed consent. Placental villi or muscle tissue samples were collected and fixed in formalin for histopathological examinations. The abnormal histopathological findings were correlated with the genetic findings.

Results

The histopathological findings from 50 POC samples were analyzed. The 18 samples with unusual histopathological findings like dystrophic calcifications, vascular congestions, chorangiosis, chronic inflammation, fetus papyraceus, villous hypoplasia, and partial hydatidiform mole underwent genetic analysis. Genetic testing revealed likely pathogenic variant in ACTA1 gene in one case and variants of uncertain significance in some cases.

Conclusion

Histopathological analysis and genetic testing of POC help in identifying conditions like molar pregnancies and understanding the genetic causes behind the pregnancy loss and can also assist the for future pregnancy planning.