Immunohistochemical Diversity of Endometrial Carcinoma and Their Implications in Prognosis: A Prospective Clinicopathological Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India.

Endometrial cancer is the sixth most common cancer in women worldwide with gradually increasing incidence and mortality rate. The most recent classification of endometrial carcinoma (EC) with diagnostic flowchart includes both immunohistochemical and molecular markers for prognostic purpose and better management of endometrial cancer. In this study, we want to analyze various immunohistochemical (IHC) markers in EC and their prognostic significance.

This was a prospective study conducted from August 2016 to February 2024. We studied 168 cases of EC for histopathological subtypes, grading and various IHC markers such as Estrogen Receptor (ER), Her 2 Neu, Cytokeratin 5/6, Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA) and p53.

In our study, most common histological subtype was endometrioid (132) followed by serous (17), mucinous (8), clear cell (7) and carcinosarcoma (4). ER expression was mostly seen in endometrioid type. Loss of ER expression and Her 2 expression along with p53 over expression was not only associated with high grade EC but also with advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis.

Immunohistochemical markers play a definite role in risk stratification and specific individual oriented therapy in endometrial cancer patients.