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<p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, are gaining attention as next-generation therapeutic platforms. They serve as biologically derived nanocarriers capable of delivering functional molecules such as microRNA (miRNA). Exosomes possess high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, protecting unstable nucleic acid therapeutics and enabling their efficient delivery to target cells. Consequently, technologies for manufacturing and engineering miRNA-loaded exosomes/EVs to deliver therapeutically relevant miRNAs are rapidly advancing. To ensure the therapeutic efficacy and reproducibility of miRNA-loaded exosomes, systematic analysis and characterization, including size, morphology, concentration, surface markers, miRNA loading efficiency, and stability, are essential. These analytical techniques are recognized as key elements enabling quality control and standardization of exosome-based therapeutics. Advancements in these manufacturing and analytical techniques have accelerated therapeutic applications for inflammatory diseases, with atopic dermatitis (AD) being a prime target. AD is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by skin barrier impairment and Th2-dominant immune dysregulation, where existing treatments face limitations in restoring long-term immune homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that miR-124, miR-146a, miR-143, miR-147a, miR-159a, and miR-223 contribute to improving AD pathophysiology by regulating inflammatory cytokine signaling and immune modulation pathways. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of miRNA-loaded EV platforms for the multi-target regulation of inflammatory skin diseases. This review focuses on the manufacturing and analytical techniques for miRNA-loaded exosomes/EVs, discussing the latest research trends in their potential therapeutic application for AD and challenges for future clinical translation.</p>

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Recent Progress in Extracellular Vesicles Therapeutics for Atopic Dermatitis Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Subin Jeong,
  • Ho Jin Kim,
  • Min Ju Oh,
  • Yejin Song,
  • Jaewoong Kim,
  • Tae Geun Kim,
  • Ye Ji Shin,
  • Seung Hyeon Cho,
  • Jong-Min Park,
  • Min Park,
  • Gun Yong Sung

摘要

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, are gaining attention as next-generation therapeutic platforms. They serve as biologically derived nanocarriers capable of delivering functional molecules such as microRNA (miRNA). Exosomes possess high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, protecting unstable nucleic acid therapeutics and enabling their efficient delivery to target cells. Consequently, technologies for manufacturing and engineering miRNA-loaded exosomes/EVs to deliver therapeutically relevant miRNAs are rapidly advancing. To ensure the therapeutic efficacy and reproducibility of miRNA-loaded exosomes, systematic analysis and characterization, including size, morphology, concentration, surface markers, miRNA loading efficiency, and stability, are essential. These analytical techniques are recognized as key elements enabling quality control and standardization of exosome-based therapeutics. Advancements in these manufacturing and analytical techniques have accelerated therapeutic applications for inflammatory diseases, with atopic dermatitis (AD) being a prime target. AD is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by skin barrier impairment and Th2-dominant immune dysregulation, where existing treatments face limitations in restoring long-term immune homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that miR-124, miR-146a, miR-143, miR-147a, miR-159a, and miR-223 contribute to improving AD pathophysiology by regulating inflammatory cytokine signaling and immune modulation pathways. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of miRNA-loaded EV platforms for the multi-target regulation of inflammatory skin diseases. This review focuses on the manufacturing and analytical techniques for miRNA-loaded exosomes/EVs, discussing the latest research trends in their potential therapeutic application for AD and challenges for future clinical translation.