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<p>Bacterial infections caused by resistant bacterial strains continue to rise; there is a need to implement innovative approaches. Nanotechnology, referring to the handling of substances on a tiny scale, typically in the range of nanometers, has emerged as a potential solution to combat these pathogenic infections. This research investigates the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and Ag-ZnO bimetallic nanocomposites (NCs) using <i>Withania coagulans</i> and assesses their potential biological uses. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis spectrometry was used to examine the shape, structure, and properties of the catalyst. The synthesized Ag NPs exhibited a spherical structure, whereas the morphology of ZnO nanoparticles was such that they had the shape of a nano-flower. The Ag-ZnO NC consisted of ZnO NPs shaped like flower petals, which were covered with Ag NPs. To test their antibacterial efficacy, the biological NPs were evaluated against resistant strains of <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>,<i> Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> bacteria. The maximum activity index followed by <i>S-aureus</i> is Ag<sub>1</sub>-ZnO, for <i>E-coli</i> Ag<sub>3</sub>-ZnO, <i>K-pneumoniae</i> Ag<sub>3</sub>-ZnO, <i>P-vulgaris</i> Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, <i>B-subtilis</i> Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, <i>P-aeruginosa</i> Ag<sub>3</sub>-ZnO. The maximum Mic values shown by <i>S-aureus</i> are Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, for <i>E-coli</i> Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, <i>K. pneumoniae</i> Ag<sub>1</sub>-ZnO≈Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, <i>P. vulgaris</i> Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, <i>B-subtilis</i> Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO, <i>P-aeruginosa</i> Ag<sub>5</sub>-ZnO. Ag-ZnO-based NCs demonstrate prominent antibacterial potential against pathogenic strains, supporting them as a candidate for an antibacterial agent. However, current findings display its efficacy for further studies to validate its therapeutic microbial potential.</p>

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Biogenic synthesis of Ag–ZnO nanocomposites using Withania coagulans extract: structural characterization and antibacterial evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Qipeng Xia,
  • Xia Zhao,
  • Xinwen Xu,
  • Sobia Ayaz,
  • Sana Batool,
  • Mingchao Lin,
  • Tuba Tariq,
  • Min Zhao,
  • Qiang Liu,
  • Muhammad Saqib Saif,
  • Rohma Maryam,
  • Ghazala Mustafa,
  • Murtaza Hasan

摘要

Bacterial infections caused by resistant bacterial strains continue to rise; there is a need to implement innovative approaches. Nanotechnology, referring to the handling of substances on a tiny scale, typically in the range of nanometers, has emerged as a potential solution to combat these pathogenic infections. This research investigates the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and Ag-ZnO bimetallic nanocomposites (NCs) using Withania coagulans and assesses their potential biological uses. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis spectrometry was used to examine the shape, structure, and properties of the catalyst. The synthesized Ag NPs exhibited a spherical structure, whereas the morphology of ZnO nanoparticles was such that they had the shape of a nano-flower. The Ag-ZnO NC consisted of ZnO NPs shaped like flower petals, which were covered with Ag NPs. To test their antibacterial efficacy, the biological NPs were evaluated against resistant strains of S. aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The maximum activity index followed by S-aureus is Ag1-ZnO, for E-coli Ag3-ZnO, K-pneumoniae Ag3-ZnO, P-vulgaris Ag5-ZnO, B-subtilis Ag5-ZnO, P-aeruginosa Ag3-ZnO. The maximum Mic values shown by S-aureus are Ag5-ZnO, for E-coli Ag5-ZnO, K. pneumoniae Ag1-ZnO≈Ag5-ZnO, P. vulgaris Ag5-ZnO, B-subtilis Ag5-ZnO, P-aeruginosa Ag5-ZnO. Ag-ZnO-based NCs demonstrate prominent antibacterial potential against pathogenic strains, supporting them as a candidate for an antibacterial agent. However, current findings display its efficacy for further studies to validate its therapeutic microbial potential.