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<p>The present study demonstrates a facile and rapid method for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This method utilizes an unreported <i>Citrus grandis</i> peel extract as an eco-friendly reducing and stabilizing agent in a sonocatalysis process under the influence of ultrasonics waves (40&#xa0;kHz at 50&#xa0;W). The sono-assisted synthesis of AuNPs took only 5&#xa0;min at 37&#xa0;°C. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band located at 561&#xa0;nm and the morphology, crystallinity, purity, and stability were characterized by FESEM, TEM, XRD, EDX and zeta potential analysis. The as-synthesized AuNPs was then investigated for the electrocatalysis and photocatalysis against an industrial contaminant malachite green (MG). DPV analysis of AuNPs modified glassy carbon electrode (AuNPs/GCE) shows a moderate dynamic range over 1 to 40 µM for MG with a limit of detection (LoD) of 298 nM and a sensitivity of 0.373 µA µM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>. Further, AuNPs as a heterogeneous catalyst exhibits a photocatalytic reduction of MG in the presence of NaBH<sub>4</sub>. The reduction of MG follows first-order kinetic model with an estimated apparent reduction rate of 4.51 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>. This result highlights the potential use of green synthesized AuNPs in wastewater management.</p>

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Electro- and photo-catalytic performance of sono-assisted biogenic gold nanoparticles towards industrial contaminant: malachite green

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Merina Paul Das,
  • Jayabrata Das

摘要

The present study demonstrates a facile and rapid method for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This method utilizes an unreported Citrus grandis peel extract as an eco-friendly reducing and stabilizing agent in a sonocatalysis process under the influence of ultrasonics waves (40 kHz at 50 W). The sono-assisted synthesis of AuNPs took only 5 min at 37 °C. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band located at 561 nm and the morphology, crystallinity, purity, and stability were characterized by FESEM, TEM, XRD, EDX and zeta potential analysis. The as-synthesized AuNPs was then investigated for the electrocatalysis and photocatalysis against an industrial contaminant malachite green (MG). DPV analysis of AuNPs modified glassy carbon electrode (AuNPs/GCE) shows a moderate dynamic range over 1 to 40 µM for MG with a limit of detection (LoD) of 298 nM and a sensitivity of 0.373 µA µM−1 cm−2. Further, AuNPs as a heterogeneous catalyst exhibits a photocatalytic reduction of MG in the presence of NaBH4. The reduction of MG follows first-order kinetic model with an estimated apparent reduction rate of 4.51 × 10−2 min−1. This result highlights the potential use of green synthesized AuNPs in wastewater management.