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<p>Butyric acids are important flavor compounds in strong-aroma Baijiu, mainly synthesized by the microbial community in cellar mud. However, the metabolic characteristics and substrate utilization profiles of many uncultured microorganisms in this fermentation system remain unclear. This study aimed to isolate and identify butyric acid-producing strains from cellar mud and investigate their metabolic characteristics. A strain designated BJN0013 (= GDMCC 1.5973 = CGMCC No. 46148) was isolated from the cellar mud and capable of producing 31.11 ± 0.94&#xa0;g/L of butyric acid. Genomic analyses (16S rRNA similarity 98.24%; ANI 90.09%; dDDH 41.80%) suggested it was a genomically distinct <i>Clostridium</i> strain with species-level divergence. Some physiological and biochemical characterizations also supported its species-level divergence. The carbon source utilization and enzyme metabolic pathways of acid-producing bacteria isolated from cellar mud were further summarized through genomic comparison. Acetyl-CoA transferase, the key enzyme responsible for the inability of strain BJN0013 to produce caproic acid, was identified by in silico evidence. This study offered a high-yielding butyric acid-producing strain resource from cellar mud and revealing the enzymatic targets for synthesizing butyric acid to optimize Baijiu fermentation.</p>

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A potential novel Clostridium species isolated from cellar mud for producing high yield of butyric acid and the metabolic characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Mengqi Dai,
  • Mengqin Wu,
  • Zheng Feng,
  • Jinghui Lai,
  • Lei Zhao,
  • Wenbo Ji,
  • Mingquan Huang,
  • Dong Zhao,
  • Jia Zheng,
  • Youqiang Xu,
  • Baoguo Sun

摘要

Butyric acids are important flavor compounds in strong-aroma Baijiu, mainly synthesized by the microbial community in cellar mud. However, the metabolic characteristics and substrate utilization profiles of many uncultured microorganisms in this fermentation system remain unclear. This study aimed to isolate and identify butyric acid-producing strains from cellar mud and investigate their metabolic characteristics. A strain designated BJN0013 (= GDMCC 1.5973 = CGMCC No. 46148) was isolated from the cellar mud and capable of producing 31.11 ± 0.94 g/L of butyric acid. Genomic analyses (16S rRNA similarity 98.24%; ANI 90.09%; dDDH 41.80%) suggested it was a genomically distinct Clostridium strain with species-level divergence. Some physiological and biochemical characterizations also supported its species-level divergence. The carbon source utilization and enzyme metabolic pathways of acid-producing bacteria isolated from cellar mud were further summarized through genomic comparison. Acetyl-CoA transferase, the key enzyme responsible for the inability of strain BJN0013 to produce caproic acid, was identified by in silico evidence. This study offered a high-yielding butyric acid-producing strain resource from cellar mud and revealing the enzymatic targets for synthesizing butyric acid to optimize Baijiu fermentation.