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<p>Cellulase, a key hydrolytic enzyme involved in cellulose degradation, has attracted substantial research interest owing to its promising applications in aquaculture, particularly in improving feed utilization and sustainability. This review highlights the classification and functional diversity of cellulases, including endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases, and their crucial roles in enhancing the feed digestibility, nutrient assimilation, and growth performance of aquatic species. Special emphasis is placed on cellulase-producing bacteria that are naturally associated with fish gut microbiota, underscoring their ecological significance and potential biotechnological exploitation. This study uniquely integrates advancements in cold-active and thermotolerant cellulases for possible aquaculture applications in extreme climatic regions, thereby addressing a critical knowledge gap in temperature-adaptive enzyme applications. Additionally, this review describes emerging strategies in genetic engineering, synthetic biology, and nanotechnology for cellulase optimization, highlighting their combined potential to create next-generation formulations with enhanced stability, activity, and commercial viability. The novelty of this review lies in bridging conventional enzyme applications with cutting-edge innovations, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which offer predictive frameworks for cellulase dosage optimization, performance modeling, and cost reduction in aquaculture systems. Despite significant advances, challenges remain in achieving large-scale, cost-effective, regulatory-compliant cellulase production. Future research should explore cold-active cellulases for aquaculture in cold-water fisheries, thermotolerant cellulases for tropical and high-temperature systems, engineering microbial strains through CRISPR-based modifications to enhance cellulase yield, and employing synthetic biology to design robust enzyme consortia. Moreover, AI- and ML-driven approaches can revolutionize cellulase applications by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive optimization, and adaptive management of enzyme use, paving the way for sustainable aquaculture intensification.</p>

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Frontiers on the application of cellulase in aquaculture: future prospects and challenges

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月22日

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  • Sourav Chattaraj,
  • Arindam Ganguly,
  • Debasis Mitra,
  • Subhashree Rath,
  • Subhashree Subhasmita Sahoo,
  • Ritika Nayak,
  • Rashmi Ranjan Mishra,
  • Hrudayanath Thatoi

摘要

Cellulase, a key hydrolytic enzyme involved in cellulose degradation, has attracted substantial research interest owing to its promising applications in aquaculture, particularly in improving feed utilization and sustainability. This review highlights the classification and functional diversity of cellulases, including endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases, and their crucial roles in enhancing the feed digestibility, nutrient assimilation, and growth performance of aquatic species. Special emphasis is placed on cellulase-producing bacteria that are naturally associated with fish gut microbiota, underscoring their ecological significance and potential biotechnological exploitation. This study uniquely integrates advancements in cold-active and thermotolerant cellulases for possible aquaculture applications in extreme climatic regions, thereby addressing a critical knowledge gap in temperature-adaptive enzyme applications. Additionally, this review describes emerging strategies in genetic engineering, synthetic biology, and nanotechnology for cellulase optimization, highlighting their combined potential to create next-generation formulations with enhanced stability, activity, and commercial viability. The novelty of this review lies in bridging conventional enzyme applications with cutting-edge innovations, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which offer predictive frameworks for cellulase dosage optimization, performance modeling, and cost reduction in aquaculture systems. Despite significant advances, challenges remain in achieving large-scale, cost-effective, regulatory-compliant cellulase production. Future research should explore cold-active cellulases for aquaculture in cold-water fisheries, thermotolerant cellulases for tropical and high-temperature systems, engineering microbial strains through CRISPR-based modifications to enhance cellulase yield, and employing synthetic biology to design robust enzyme consortia. Moreover, AI- and ML-driven approaches can revolutionize cellulase applications by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive optimization, and adaptive management of enzyme use, paving the way for sustainable aquaculture intensification.