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<p>The administration of probiotics has been shown to reduce inflammation severity by modulating inflammatory signaling pathways, highlighting their potential benefits. The gut-liver axis is a critical interface that influences the immune system, inflammation, and autophagy, thereby impacting both gut and liver health. This study aimed to investigate the autophagy-inducing effects of probiotics and paraprobiotics, focusing on their beneficial impacts on the gut-liver axis to explore their potency for enhancing gut and liver health. In this study, 4-week-old male C57Bl/6 mice with were treated by cocktails of probiotics and paraprobiotics along with 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), over a period of two weeks. The severity of colitis and colonic pathology were assessed, while the expression of autophagy-related genes was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Our native probiotic and paraprobiotic strains significantly increased body weight and colon length from 5 to 7cm (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Conversely, these strains were found to decrease both the Disease Activity Index (DAI) and pathological score from score 10 to 5 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). At the molecular level, our native probiotic and paraprobiotic strains demonstrated autophagy-inducing capabilities by upregulating key autophagy-related genes, including <i>atg5</i> (fold change of 0.3 to 4.2 and 4, respectively), <i>atg7</i> (fold change 0.3 to 7 and 1.9, respectively) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), <i>atg12</i> (fold change 0.03 to 10 and 30, respectively), <i>beclin</i> (fold change 0.4 to 1.9 and 4.8, respectively) (p = 0.0001), and <i>atg13</i> (fold change 0.5 to 1.8 and 2.3, respectively) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). This study demonstrates that native probiotics and paraprobiotics have the potential to effectively mitigate inflammation in both the gut and liver by affecting on autophagy signaling patyway. Given their minimal side effects, these probiotic agents may serve as a beneficial treatment for diseases associated with inflammation.</p>

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Gut-liver axis: unveiling the potency of native probiotics and paraprobiotics in modulating inflammation via affecting autophagy signaling pathway

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Fatemeh Haririzadeh Jouriani,
  • Mahnaz Torfeh,
  • Niloofar Rezaie,
  • Fatemeh Ashrafian,
  • Shadi Aghamohammad,
  • Mahdi Rohani

摘要

The administration of probiotics has been shown to reduce inflammation severity by modulating inflammatory signaling pathways, highlighting their potential benefits. The gut-liver axis is a critical interface that influences the immune system, inflammation, and autophagy, thereby impacting both gut and liver health. This study aimed to investigate the autophagy-inducing effects of probiotics and paraprobiotics, focusing on their beneficial impacts on the gut-liver axis to explore their potency for enhancing gut and liver health. In this study, 4-week-old male C57Bl/6 mice with were treated by cocktails of probiotics and paraprobiotics along with 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), over a period of two weeks. The severity of colitis and colonic pathology were assessed, while the expression of autophagy-related genes was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Our native probiotic and paraprobiotic strains significantly increased body weight and colon length from 5 to 7cm (p < 0.0001). Conversely, these strains were found to decrease both the Disease Activity Index (DAI) and pathological score from score 10 to 5 (p < 0.0001). At the molecular level, our native probiotic and paraprobiotic strains demonstrated autophagy-inducing capabilities by upregulating key autophagy-related genes, including atg5 (fold change of 0.3 to 4.2 and 4, respectively), atg7 (fold change 0.3 to 7 and 1.9, respectively) (p < 0.0001), atg12 (fold change 0.03 to 10 and 30, respectively), beclin (fold change 0.4 to 1.9 and 4.8, respectively) (p = 0.0001), and atg13 (fold change 0.5 to 1.8 and 2.3, respectively) (p < 0.0001). This study demonstrates that native probiotics and paraprobiotics have the potential to effectively mitigate inflammation in both the gut and liver by affecting on autophagy signaling patyway. Given their minimal side effects, these probiotic agents may serve as a beneficial treatment for diseases associated with inflammation.