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<p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health issue that affects many people around the world. The use of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents such as elderberry (EB) can have beneficial effects on the CNS following DM. In this research, streptozotocin was administered to rats at a dosage of 45&#xa0;mg/kg to induce diabetes mellitus. The rats were treated with a 2% EB diet for 30&#xa0;days. Behavioral assessments were conducted using Y-maze, elevated plus maze, open field, Morris water maze, and tail suspension tests. Electrophysiological recordings were also performed. Immunohistochemistry against GFAP as an astrocyte marker and Voronoi tessellation for neuronal spatial arrangement was done. We also performed a western blot against BDNF and REST. Our results showed that EB reduced blood sugar following DM induction. On the other hand, the body weight of rats in the DM and EB groups decreased compared to the control group. However, treatment with the EB diet improved memory and learning and reduced anxiety and depression following DM. The data from the electrophysiological recording revealed that the EB diet increased long-term potentiation (LTP) more than the DM group. Our results also showed that the EB diet reduced astrogliosis and reduced astrocyte reactivity. On the other hand, the EB diet improved the spatial arrangement of neurons in the hippocampus. Moreover, EB increased the expression of BDNF and decreased the expression of REST in the hippocampus of DM rats. EB prevents cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage following DM induction. However, in future studies, we need to clarify the mechanism by which EB ameliorate DM effects on the memory by focusing on REST/ BDNF changes and hippocampal LTP related neuronal circuits.</p>

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Elderberry diet improved cognitive functions, increased long-term potentiation and BDNF expression, and decreased astrogliosis in rats with diabetic cognitive impairments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • Fatemeh Zare,
  • Amir Masoud Dalband,
  • Ibrahim Mohammadzadeh,
  • Armin Karamian,
  • Mohammad Javad Ebrahimi,
  • Maral Moafi,
  • Hamzeh Badeli Sarkala,
  • Reza Bahar,
  • Negin Adimi,
  • Mohammadamin Sabbaghalvani,
  • Zahra Bahari,
  • Amirreza Beirami,
  • Niloufar Shabani,
  • Nahal Babaeian Amini,
  • Zahra Niakan,
  • Alireza Joudaki,
  • Soheil Taherpouran,
  • Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh,
  • Meysam Hassani Moghaddam,
  • Fatemeh Navaei,
  • Makan Sadr,
  • Abbas Aliaghaei,
  • Mojtaba Sani,
  • Mohsen Norouzian

摘要

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health issue that affects many people around the world. The use of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents such as elderberry (EB) can have beneficial effects on the CNS following DM. In this research, streptozotocin was administered to rats at a dosage of 45 mg/kg to induce diabetes mellitus. The rats were treated with a 2% EB diet for 30 days. Behavioral assessments were conducted using Y-maze, elevated plus maze, open field, Morris water maze, and tail suspension tests. Electrophysiological recordings were also performed. Immunohistochemistry against GFAP as an astrocyte marker and Voronoi tessellation for neuronal spatial arrangement was done. We also performed a western blot against BDNF and REST. Our results showed that EB reduced blood sugar following DM induction. On the other hand, the body weight of rats in the DM and EB groups decreased compared to the control group. However, treatment with the EB diet improved memory and learning and reduced anxiety and depression following DM. The data from the electrophysiological recording revealed that the EB diet increased long-term potentiation (LTP) more than the DM group. Our results also showed that the EB diet reduced astrogliosis and reduced astrocyte reactivity. On the other hand, the EB diet improved the spatial arrangement of neurons in the hippocampus. Moreover, EB increased the expression of BDNF and decreased the expression of REST in the hippocampus of DM rats. EB prevents cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage following DM induction. However, in future studies, we need to clarify the mechanism by which EB ameliorate DM effects on the memory by focusing on REST/ BDNF changes and hippocampal LTP related neuronal circuits.