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<p>CIP-29, a basic glycoprotein purified from the leaves of <i>Clerodendrum</i> <i>inerme</i>, induces resistance against viruses in plants. It is a type-I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) with polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidase activity. Present study was made to compare the resistance induced against TMV by CIP-29 and salicylic acid (SA), a chemical elicitor of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Foliar treatments with CIP-29 (20&#xa0;µg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>) and SA (2.5&#xa0;mM) on <i>Nicotiana</i> <i>tabacum</i> cv. Xanthi-nc resulted in a percent reduction of TMV lesion number by 99 and 64 on remote leaves and decrease in lesion diameter by 2.67- and 1.97-fold, respectively. CIP-29-treated (resistant) tobacco leaf extract inhibited TMV by 93%, as against 25% by SA, suggesting induction of a virus inhibitory agent (VIA) in the former. In semi-quantitative gene expression analysis of treated and inoculated (+V) sets of tobacco Xanthi-nc, PR1a (PR-1) and Osmotin (PR-5) gene transcripts were significantly enhanced only in SA-treated set, and showed pronounced accumulation in both CIP-29+V and SA+V. Acidic chitinase (PR-3) transcripts were detectable only in SA and SA+V. Expression of allene oxide cyclase (AOC) gene was prominent in CIP-29+V and DW+V, while 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) and ethylene responsive factor 1 (ERF1) genes were expressed in greater intensity in CIP-29+V. In qPCR analysis of ACO and ERF1 genes, a respective fold increase of 377.4 and 25.1 was observed in the post-inoculated CIP-29-treated sets compared to an increase by 22.5- and 10.2-fold in SA-treated sets. Between 14 and 28&#xa0;days post-inoculation with TMV, symptomatic plants of <i>Solanum</i> <i>lycopersicum</i> increased from 0 to 20% in the CIP-29 treated set, compared to an increase from 30 to 90% in SA-treated set. Greater delay in symptom progression and accumulation of TMV was noted in CIP-29 compared to SA-treated sets,&#xa0;while growth parameters were significantly higher following SA treatment. This study clearly points to different mechanisms governing phytoprotein and chemical induced resistance.</p>

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Comparative antiviral resistance induction by CIP-29, a ribosome-inactivating protein from Clerodendrum inerme, and salicylic acid, a chemical

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Jyoti Verma,
  • Ashish Kumar Gupta,
  • Aparana Srivastava,
  • Shalini Srivastava,
  • Vivek Prasad

摘要

CIP-29, a basic glycoprotein purified from the leaves of Clerodendrum inerme, induces resistance against viruses in plants. It is a type-I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) with polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidase activity. Present study was made to compare the resistance induced against TMV by CIP-29 and salicylic acid (SA), a chemical elicitor of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Foliar treatments with CIP-29 (20 µg mL−1) and SA (2.5 mM) on Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc resulted in a percent reduction of TMV lesion number by 99 and 64 on remote leaves and decrease in lesion diameter by 2.67- and 1.97-fold, respectively. CIP-29-treated (resistant) tobacco leaf extract inhibited TMV by 93%, as against 25% by SA, suggesting induction of a virus inhibitory agent (VIA) in the former. In semi-quantitative gene expression analysis of treated and inoculated (+V) sets of tobacco Xanthi-nc, PR1a (PR-1) and Osmotin (PR-5) gene transcripts were significantly enhanced only in SA-treated set, and showed pronounced accumulation in both CIP-29+V and SA+V. Acidic chitinase (PR-3) transcripts were detectable only in SA and SA+V. Expression of allene oxide cyclase (AOC) gene was prominent in CIP-29+V and DW+V, while 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) and ethylene responsive factor 1 (ERF1) genes were expressed in greater intensity in CIP-29+V. In qPCR analysis of ACO and ERF1 genes, a respective fold increase of 377.4 and 25.1 was observed in the post-inoculated CIP-29-treated sets compared to an increase by 22.5- and 10.2-fold in SA-treated sets. Between 14 and 28 days post-inoculation with TMV, symptomatic plants of Solanum lycopersicum increased from 0 to 20% in the CIP-29 treated set, compared to an increase from 30 to 90% in SA-treated set. Greater delay in symptom progression and accumulation of TMV was noted in CIP-29 compared to SA-treated sets, while growth parameters were significantly higher following SA treatment. This study clearly points to different mechanisms governing phytoprotein and chemical induced resistance.