<p>This study evaluates the Qom Formation in the northern Dasht-e-Kavir Basin, Central Iran. The central part of Iran, due to its high potential for hydrocarbon exploration, lacks comprehensive studies of the hydrocarbon system, which will be addressed in this article. The Field observations and microscopic analysis revealed that the Qom Formation was deposited in a variety of sedimentary environments within an open carbonate shelf environment. This area included four distinct facies belts: tidal flat, lagoon, shoal/reef, and platform slope. Rock-Eval pyrolysis and one-dimensional modeling were employed to assess the source rock potential. The results of this study indicate that the E member in the central part of the study area is in a better condition compared to other intervals and areas. The C₃ sub-member in the central part was also identified as a potential source rock. The Microscopic analysis of the C₄ sub-member and the F member revealed abundant grain-supported facies and reefal structures, indicative of high-energy depositional environments. These facies exhibit various types of porosity and fractures, suggesting favorable reservoir rock characteristics. The C₂ sub-member and the D member exhibit lithological characteristics of cap rocks. The Qom Formation was deposited in the northern part of the Dasht-e-Kavir during a marine regression characterized by a relatively low sea level. The results of this study reveal the high potential of the petroleum system of the Qom Formation in the North of Dasht-e-Kavir and demonstrate the need for focused and future studies to explore hydrocarbon reserves in this region.</p>