Enhanced polysulfone membranes modified with TiO₂-Mn₃O₄ nanocomposites for high-efficiency methyl orange removal: a sustainable approach for wastewater treatment
摘要
The increasing demand for efficient wastewater treatment methods has drawn attention to functionalized polymeric membranes. In this study, polysulfone (PSf) membranes were modified using a new TiO₂/Mn₃O₄ nanocomposite to enhance their adsorption capabilities for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solutions. The phase inversion approach was used to construct a series of nanocomposite membranes by embedding the TiO₂/Mn₃O₄ nanocomposite into the PSf matrix at varying loadings (1, 3 & 5 wt %). The morphological, structural, and surface properties of the membranes were assessed using water contact angle measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Batch adsorption experiments showed that the modified membranes had a better removal effectiveness than pristine PSf. A maximum of 97.5% of the MO was eliminated by the PSf/TM 5 weight% membrane following 60 min of contact. Kinetic modeling revealed the pseudo-second-order mechanism of the adsorption process, indicating that chemisorption was the main interaction. In this work, a dual-nanofiller system that works in a non-photocatalytic adsorption environment is presented. The photocatalytic potential of TiO₂ and the redox activity of Mn3O₄ are put to use. Unlike previous research that just used light activation or single oxide fillers, this membrane design performs well in ambient, non-illuminated circumstances. The improved dye uptake is due to the increase in surface area, hydrophilicity, and active site availability of the nanocomposite. These findings show a promising route for energy-efficient and scalable membrane systems for wastewater treatment applications.
Graphical Abstract