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<p>The <i>Bromus auleticus</i> grass, naturally colonized by the above-ground <i>Epichloë</i> endophyte, establishes root symbioses with dark septate endophytes (DSE). While <i>Epichloë</i> is known to modify host plant physiology, its influence on the below-ground DSE community structure and lifestyle remains largely unknown. Understanding these interactions is critical, as DSE fungi can exhibit a spectrum of lifestyles, from mutualistic to latent pathogenic. This study evaluated how the presence of the <i>Epichloë</i> endophyte influences the diversity, abundance, and lifestyle of culturable DSE fungi in <i>B. auleticus</i>. DSE isolates were obtained from field-collected roots of <i>B. auleticus</i> associated with <i>Epichloë</i> (E+) or not (E-). Isolates were molecularly identified, and their endophytic or pathogenic lifestyle was verified using a resynthesis procedure. E+ plants exhibited greater richness and diversity of DSE species. In addition, the resynthesis assay showed that a significantly higher proportion of isolates from E+ plants displayed an asymptomatic endophytic lifestyle, compared to E- plants, which yielded more pathogenic isolates. This functional differentiation was observed even within the same fungal genera. Notable examples include <i>Setophoma</i> sp., <i>Poaceascoma</i> sp., <i>Microdochium bolleyi</i>, <i>Simplicillium lamellicola</i>, and <i>Herpotrichia</i> sp. In this study, <i>Herpotrichia</i> sp. and <i>Magnaporthiopsis</i> sp. are reported as asymptomatic DSE, while <i>Tetraploa</i> sp. is identified as a pathogen for the first time. These findings suggest a potential indirect role of the <i>Epichloë</i> endophyte in shaping the functional composition of the DSE community, acting as an ecological filter that favors non-pathogenic lifestyles and potentially suppresses pathogenic lifestyle in the root microbiome of <i>B. auleticus.</i></p>

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Epichloë symbiosis is associated with increased diversity of culturable dark septate endophytes and promotes endophytic interactions on a native grass

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Natalia Luisa Terlizzi,
  • María Victoria Novas,
  • Daniel Ruiz Mínguez,
  • Leopoldo Javier Iannone,
  • Maria Alejandra Rodríguez

摘要

The Bromus auleticus grass, naturally colonized by the above-ground Epichloë endophyte, establishes root symbioses with dark septate endophytes (DSE). While Epichloë is known to modify host plant physiology, its influence on the below-ground DSE community structure and lifestyle remains largely unknown. Understanding these interactions is critical, as DSE fungi can exhibit a spectrum of lifestyles, from mutualistic to latent pathogenic. This study evaluated how the presence of the Epichloë endophyte influences the diversity, abundance, and lifestyle of culturable DSE fungi in B. auleticus. DSE isolates were obtained from field-collected roots of B. auleticus associated with Epichloë (E+) or not (E-). Isolates were molecularly identified, and their endophytic or pathogenic lifestyle was verified using a resynthesis procedure. E+ plants exhibited greater richness and diversity of DSE species. In addition, the resynthesis assay showed that a significantly higher proportion of isolates from E+ plants displayed an asymptomatic endophytic lifestyle, compared to E- plants, which yielded more pathogenic isolates. This functional differentiation was observed even within the same fungal genera. Notable examples include Setophoma sp., Poaceascoma sp., Microdochium bolleyi, Simplicillium lamellicola, and Herpotrichia sp. In this study, Herpotrichia sp. and Magnaporthiopsis sp. are reported as asymptomatic DSE, while Tetraploa sp. is identified as a pathogen for the first time. These findings suggest a potential indirect role of the Epichloë endophyte in shaping the functional composition of the DSE community, acting as an ecological filter that favors non-pathogenic lifestyles and potentially suppresses pathogenic lifestyle in the root microbiome of B. auleticus.