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<p>The photobionts of lichenized basidiomycetes remain poorly understood compared with those of many lichenized ascomycetes. In this study, we investigated the photobionts of three Japanese species of <i>Multiclavula</i>—<i>M. mucida</i>, <i>M. petricola</i>, and <i>M. vernalis</i>—using culture isolation, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, molecular phylogenetic analyses, ITS2 secondary structure comparisons, and co-culture experiments. Photobiont cells within the thalli possessed pyrenoids, excluding <i>Coccomyxa</i> as the primary photobiont of the examined specimens. Cultured photobionts were morphologically and ultrastructurally consistent with <i>Elliptochloris</i>, and phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA, ITS, and <i>rbc</i>L datasets placed all isolates within or near the <i>E. subsphaerica</i>–<i>E. marina</i> complex. The photobionts of <i>M. mucida</i> were assigned to <i>E. subsphaerica</i> subsp. <i>subsphaerica</i>, and co-culture experiments with the corresponding fungal isolate successfully resynthesized globular lichenized thalli. In contrast, isolates from <i>M. petricola</i> and <i>M. vernalis</i> formed a distinct lineage, supported by ITS and <i>rbc</i>L phylogenies, ITS2 sequence divergence, and hemi-CBCs. This lineage is described here as <i>E. subsphaerica</i> subsp. <i>subalpina</i> subsp. nov.</p>

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Elliptochloris, not Coccomyxa, is the photobiont of three lichenized Multiclavula species in Japan

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Hiroshi Masumoto,
  • Shinji Handa,
  • Chihiro Tanaka,
  • Yousuke Degawa

摘要

The photobionts of lichenized basidiomycetes remain poorly understood compared with those of many lichenized ascomycetes. In this study, we investigated the photobionts of three Japanese species of Multiclavula—M. mucida, M. petricola, and M. vernalis—using culture isolation, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, molecular phylogenetic analyses, ITS2 secondary structure comparisons, and co-culture experiments. Photobiont cells within the thalli possessed pyrenoids, excluding Coccomyxa as the primary photobiont of the examined specimens. Cultured photobionts were morphologically and ultrastructurally consistent with Elliptochloris, and phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA, ITS, and rbcL datasets placed all isolates within or near the E. subsphaerica–E. marina complex. The photobionts of M. mucida were assigned to E. subsphaerica subsp. subsphaerica, and co-culture experiments with the corresponding fungal isolate successfully resynthesized globular lichenized thalli. In contrast, isolates from M. petricola and M. vernalis formed a distinct lineage, supported by ITS and rbcL phylogenies, ITS2 sequence divergence, and hemi-CBCs. This lineage is described here as E. subsphaerica subsp. subalpina subsp. nov.