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<p>Orchid seed germination and seedling development are highly dependent on orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF). In <i>Platanthera cooperi</i>, OMF communities vary across populations. This study examined the effect of OMF and temperature on seed germination and protocorm formation in <i>P. cooperi</i> in two disjunct populations. OMF from Ceratobasidiaceae and Tulasnellaceae were isolated from the orchid roots from each population and paired with seeds from both large and small populations. Seeds were incubated in vitro at the native soil temperature (16&#xa0;°C) and a near-room temperature (22&#xa0;°C), respectively. After 124 days of incubation, the highest mean germination (75%) was observed in seeds from the large population inoculated with the Tulasnellaceae fungus from the small population at 16 °C. In contrast, the highest mean protocorm formation (53%) was exhibited when seeds from the large population were inoculated with Ceratobasidiaceae fungus from the large population at 16&#xa0;°C. Germination and protocorm formation also differed among seed provenances: seed from the small population showed higher mean seed germination (54%) and protocorm formation (22%) than those from the large population. Moreover, seeds incubated at 16&#xa0;°C showed higher germination and protocorm formation than at 22&#xa0;°C. Overall, our results suggest that <i>P. cooperi</i> seeds were compatible with all OMF isolates tested. However, the three-way interaction yielded varied responses in seed germination and protocorm formation between populations. Also, the better performance at the native soil temperature (16&#xa0;°C) was a significant advantage in ontogeny. This study exhibits that seed provenance, OMF, and temperature could affect the germination of <i>P. cooperi</i>.</p>

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Orchid mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the native population do not confer in vitro advantages for seed germination and protocorm formation in Platanthera cooperi

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • Shan Wong,
  • Pankaj Kumar,
  • Jaspreet Kaur,
  • Jyotsna Sharma

摘要

Orchid seed germination and seedling development are highly dependent on orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF). In Platanthera cooperi, OMF communities vary across populations. This study examined the effect of OMF and temperature on seed germination and protocorm formation in P. cooperi in two disjunct populations. OMF from Ceratobasidiaceae and Tulasnellaceae were isolated from the orchid roots from each population and paired with seeds from both large and small populations. Seeds were incubated in vitro at the native soil temperature (16 °C) and a near-room temperature (22 °C), respectively. After 124 days of incubation, the highest mean germination (75%) was observed in seeds from the large population inoculated with the Tulasnellaceae fungus from the small population at 16 °C. In contrast, the highest mean protocorm formation (53%) was exhibited when seeds from the large population were inoculated with Ceratobasidiaceae fungus from the large population at 16 °C. Germination and protocorm formation also differed among seed provenances: seed from the small population showed higher mean seed germination (54%) and protocorm formation (22%) than those from the large population. Moreover, seeds incubated at 16 °C showed higher germination and protocorm formation than at 22 °C. Overall, our results suggest that P. cooperi seeds were compatible with all OMF isolates tested. However, the three-way interaction yielded varied responses in seed germination and protocorm formation between populations. Also, the better performance at the native soil temperature (16 °C) was a significant advantage in ontogeny. This study exhibits that seed provenance, OMF, and temperature could affect the germination of P. cooperi.