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<p>Endophytic diazotrophic bacteria are vital for enhancing biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and fostering plant growth, especially in nitrogen-limited soils. In our study, we isolated four nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria: P101 and EB120 from sorghum, G1 from rice, and N65 from <i>Cynodon</i> grass. Through detailed morpho-biological analyses, we identified all strains as gram-negative rods except EB120, which was a gram-positive rod. The strains were classified as <i>Pantoea</i> sp. P101, <i>Bacillus mojavensis</i> EB120, <i>Enterobacter</i> G1, and <i>Serratia marcescens</i> N65 using 16&#xa0;S rDNA sequencing. The <i>nif</i>H gene amplification confirmed their nitrogen-fixing abilities, further validated by acetylene reduction assays (ARA). Notably, <i>Pantoea</i> sp. P101 demonstrated the highest nitrogenase activity among all the isolates. All selected strains further exhibited phosphate solubilization capabilities through organic acid production, as verified by HPLC. Further characterization revealed the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, and ACC deaminase making a remarkable contribution to the pool of phyto-beneficial traits. Antifungal assays confirmed that all isolates inhibited in vitro growth of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, highlighting their phytoprotective potential. Endophytic colonization in rice plant roots was substantiated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among all the tested strains, <i>Pantoea</i> sp. P101 significantly improved nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization, which eventually boosted plant growth in pot experiments, with increased shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content, and soil nitrogen levels compared to controls. These findings underscore the considerable potential of <i>Pantoea</i> sp. P101 as an effective crop biofertilizer because of its proficiency in nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and several growth-promoting attributes.</p>

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Harnessing phyto-beneficial traits of endophytic diazotrophic bacteria for enhanced rice growth

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Ashvin Gauswami,
  • Sanjay Jha,
  • Swati Patel,
  • Janki Patel,
  • Anamika Jha,
  • Harish Suthar,
  • Harsur Jajda

摘要

Endophytic diazotrophic bacteria are vital for enhancing biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and fostering plant growth, especially in nitrogen-limited soils. In our study, we isolated four nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria: P101 and EB120 from sorghum, G1 from rice, and N65 from Cynodon grass. Through detailed morpho-biological analyses, we identified all strains as gram-negative rods except EB120, which was a gram-positive rod. The strains were classified as Pantoea sp. P101, Bacillus mojavensis EB120, Enterobacter G1, and Serratia marcescens N65 using 16 S rDNA sequencing. The nifH gene amplification confirmed their nitrogen-fixing abilities, further validated by acetylene reduction assays (ARA). Notably, Pantoea sp. P101 demonstrated the highest nitrogenase activity among all the isolates. All selected strains further exhibited phosphate solubilization capabilities through organic acid production, as verified by HPLC. Further characterization revealed the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, and ACC deaminase making a remarkable contribution to the pool of phyto-beneficial traits. Antifungal assays confirmed that all isolates inhibited in vitro growth of Fusarium oxysporum, highlighting their phytoprotective potential. Endophytic colonization in rice plant roots was substantiated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among all the tested strains, Pantoea sp. P101 significantly improved nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization, which eventually boosted plant growth in pot experiments, with increased shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content, and soil nitrogen levels compared to controls. These findings underscore the considerable potential of Pantoea sp. P101 as an effective crop biofertilizer because of its proficiency in nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and several growth-promoting attributes.