<p>As space technology advances swiftly, the strategic significance of space resources has grown increasingly crucial for nations worldwide. This paper explores satellite network virtual resource sharing and compares the benefits and drawbacks of single-layer and multi-layer satellite networks. It proposes a method that combines elements of both single-layer and multi-layer satellite networks. Additionally, the routing technology for multi-layer satellite networks has transitioned from a single radio procurement approach to a multi-layer communication method, enabling the establishment of a voice data system.This paper analyzes the voice data system and college video political education based on satellite network virtual resource sharing. At the same time, we have also made improvements to the voice processing technology in wireless optical communications to improve the quality of voice recognition. This article changes the traditional offline classroom style, transfers teaching, changes the way teaching is formed, and combines offline teaching in the teaching system so that it will not increase manpower Costs, rental costs will be reduced, new student channels will be added, and entrepreneurs will improve business efficiency. The current diversified global cultural competition is fierce, and unstable factors have also increased sharply. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the ideological politics of college students, and use new technology and new media to conduct ideological politics on college students.</p>