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<p>Gravure (rotogravure) printing is a high-speed intaglio process widely used in packaging and flexible materials printing. Its reliance on solvent-based inks and fast web speeds creates a hazardous environment where volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and electrostatic charge can combine with frictional heat and other ignition sources to produce fires. This study performs a targeted, field-based assessment of key parameters that influence fire risk in a gravure printing press in Odisha, India. We measured static charge, VOC concentrations, temperature, and relative humidity (RH) under normal operating conditions and analyzed their interrelationships. Results indicate a strong positive correlation between press temperature and static charge (<i>r</i> = 0.9608) and a strong negative correlation between RH and static charge (<i>r</i> =  − 0.9448). VOC levels also varied with temperature and RH, highlighting tradeoffs between conditions that minimize static versus VOCs. Based on these findings, we propose operational recommendations—maintaining controlled RH, press grounding and ionization, improved ventilation and solvent handling, and compliance with NFPA guidance—to reduce ignition likelihood. We also identify required follow-up work: expanded datasets, regression modeling with statistical significance testing, instrument calibration records, and design of engineering controls. This work bridges a gap in fire-risk literature for gravure operations and provides evidence-based measures for safer plant operation.</p>

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A critical study on key factors contributing to fire hazards in gravure printing operation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Madhab Chandra Jena,
  • Sarat kumar Mishra,
  • Himanshu Sekhar Moharana

摘要

Gravure (rotogravure) printing is a high-speed intaglio process widely used in packaging and flexible materials printing. Its reliance on solvent-based inks and fast web speeds creates a hazardous environment where volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and electrostatic charge can combine with frictional heat and other ignition sources to produce fires. This study performs a targeted, field-based assessment of key parameters that influence fire risk in a gravure printing press in Odisha, India. We measured static charge, VOC concentrations, temperature, and relative humidity (RH) under normal operating conditions and analyzed their interrelationships. Results indicate a strong positive correlation between press temperature and static charge (r = 0.9608) and a strong negative correlation between RH and static charge (r =  − 0.9448). VOC levels also varied with temperature and RH, highlighting tradeoffs between conditions that minimize static versus VOCs. Based on these findings, we propose operational recommendations—maintaining controlled RH, press grounding and ionization, improved ventilation and solvent handling, and compliance with NFPA guidance—to reduce ignition likelihood. We also identify required follow-up work: expanded datasets, regression modeling with statistical significance testing, instrument calibration records, and design of engineering controls. This work bridges a gap in fire-risk literature for gravure operations and provides evidence-based measures for safer plant operation.