Artificial intelligence in Indian higher education institutions: a quantitative study on adoption and perceptions

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into higher education has the potential to bring new approaches to learning and teaching, but also poses challenges such as ethical concerns and job displacement. To address these challenges, efforts are being made to develop frameworks for the adoption of AI in education. This study investigates the role of AI in higher education in Indian universities, identifies dimensions of AI applications, explores factors influencing the adoption of AI in higher education processes, and develops a framework for the adoption of AI applications by stakeholders in the higher education sector. The study uses a quantitative research design to collect data from students, academics, and management staff at different higher education institutions in India. The technological acceptance model, social cognitive theory, and human–computer interaction theory model are used to understand the factors that influence the acceptance and adoption of AI in higher education institutions in India. The results of the study indicate significant relationships between various factors, including artificial intelligence self-efficacy, behavioural intention to adopt AI, AI adoption in higher education, perceived usefulness, perceived effectiveness, perceived organizational support, and perceived risk. The findings of this study can guide the strategic planning and decision-making related to the integration of AI in higher education and contribute to the understanding of the potential benefits and challenges of AI in education.