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<p>Maximising utilisation of harvested trees to augment timber supply and reduce deforestation rate has become a global concern. Finger-jointing offers the best technology of turning timber residues into desired lengths and value. This study aimed at assessing the density (using ASTM D2395-17), and flexural properties of unjointed and finger-jointed lumber of <i>Khaya ivorensis</i> branchwood and off-cuts from two sites in green (≥ 30% MC) and dry states (6% MC)—using BS 373–57. Lumber were jointed with two-component PVAc adhesive (Jowacoll 102.22-KD4-liem). Branchwood was found to be significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) denser than stemwood irrespective of site or moisture level. Generally, branchwood had either significantly higher or comparable flexural stiffness (MoE) and strength (MoR) as its stemwood. Moisture level explained 78% and 70% respectively of the variabilities in MoE and MoR. Except for MoEs of samples jointed in green state. The range of MoEs (6903–8818&#xa0;MPa.) and MoRs (35.75–55.70&#xa0;MPa.) of finger-jointed lumber were lower than those of unjointed stemwood—(MoEs = 6576.75 to 10,233.10 Mpa. and MoR = 57.19–85.48&#xa0;MPa.) but both MC levels and sample group had significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) effect. Generally, finger-jointed lumber produced in dry state exhibited significantly higher MoEs and MoRs than their counterparts jointed in green state. However, stemwood-to-branchwood and stemwood-to-stemwood finger-joints were the stiffest and the strongest respectively. Finger-joint efficiencies were higher in MoE (79.49–116.74%) but lower in MoR (58.91–86.18%). Combining branchwood and stemwood for finger-jointed lumber with PVAc is feasible, however, drying before jointing is better.</p>

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Enhancing timber residue value and utilization: flexural properties and joint efficiency of Khaya ivorensis logging residues finger-jointed with PVAc adhesive in green and dry states

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Peter Kessels Dadzie,
  • Emmanuel Appiah-Kubi,
  • Michael Awotwe-Mensah,
  • Addo Koranteng,
  • Paul Benedict Inkum,
  • Osei Asibey

摘要

Maximising utilisation of harvested trees to augment timber supply and reduce deforestation rate has become a global concern. Finger-jointing offers the best technology of turning timber residues into desired lengths and value. This study aimed at assessing the density (using ASTM D2395-17), and flexural properties of unjointed and finger-jointed lumber of Khaya ivorensis branchwood and off-cuts from two sites in green (≥ 30% MC) and dry states (6% MC)—using BS 373–57. Lumber were jointed with two-component PVAc adhesive (Jowacoll 102.22-KD4-liem). Branchwood was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) denser than stemwood irrespective of site or moisture level. Generally, branchwood had either significantly higher or comparable flexural stiffness (MoE) and strength (MoR) as its stemwood. Moisture level explained 78% and 70% respectively of the variabilities in MoE and MoR. Except for MoEs of samples jointed in green state. The range of MoEs (6903–8818 MPa.) and MoRs (35.75–55.70 MPa.) of finger-jointed lumber were lower than those of unjointed stemwood—(MoEs = 6576.75 to 10,233.10 Mpa. and MoR = 57.19–85.48 MPa.) but both MC levels and sample group had significant (P < 0.05) effect. Generally, finger-jointed lumber produced in dry state exhibited significantly higher MoEs and MoRs than their counterparts jointed in green state. However, stemwood-to-branchwood and stemwood-to-stemwood finger-joints were the stiffest and the strongest respectively. Finger-joint efficiencies were higher in MoE (79.49–116.74%) but lower in MoR (58.91–86.18%). Combining branchwood and stemwood for finger-jointed lumber with PVAc is feasible, however, drying before jointing is better.