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<p>In Malaysia, subterranean termites, particularly <i>Coptotermes curvignathus</i> (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), pose a significant threat to timber, yet their patterns of attack and damage remain insufficiently understood. This study evaluated the preservative potential of heartwood extracts from three tropical Malaysian wood species (<i>Fagraea fragrans</i>, <i>Hopea nutans</i>, and <i>Intsia palembanica</i>) against <i>C. curvignathus</i> under laboratory conditions. Extractions were performed using three solvents: absolute methanol (MeOH), absolute ethanol (EtOH), and a mixture of toluene and industrial methylated spirit (Tol:IMS), each diluted to concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0%. At 4% concentration, MeOH, EtOH, and Tol:IMS extracts caused termite mortality rates exceeding 85%, ~ 70%, and ~ 70%, respectively, after 72&#xa0;h. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between extract concentration and anti-termite activity. Among all treatments, 4% methanol extracts exhibited the highest feeding inhibition [85.0% (<i>F. fragrans</i>), 92.1% (<i>H. nutans</i>), and 90.1% (<i>I. palembanica</i>)] (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that heartwood extracts from these species possess significant anti-termite properties and offer promising potential as natural wood preservatives.</p>

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Termite-protective potential of Malaysian tropical heartwood extracts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Roszaini Kadir,
  • Muhammad Al-Amin Abd. Hamid

摘要

In Malaysia, subterranean termites, particularly Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), pose a significant threat to timber, yet their patterns of attack and damage remain insufficiently understood. This study evaluated the preservative potential of heartwood extracts from three tropical Malaysian wood species (Fagraea fragrans, Hopea nutans, and Intsia palembanica) against C. curvignathus under laboratory conditions. Extractions were performed using three solvents: absolute methanol (MeOH), absolute ethanol (EtOH), and a mixture of toluene and industrial methylated spirit (Tol:IMS), each diluted to concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0%. At 4% concentration, MeOH, EtOH, and Tol:IMS extracts caused termite mortality rates exceeding 85%, ~ 70%, and ~ 70%, respectively, after 72 h. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between extract concentration and anti-termite activity. Among all treatments, 4% methanol extracts exhibited the highest feeding inhibition [85.0% (F. fragrans), 92.1% (H. nutans), and 90.1% (I. palembanica)] (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that heartwood extracts from these species possess significant anti-termite properties and offer promising potential as natural wood preservatives.