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Introduction <p>Media is considered a key element affecting women’sgender role attitudes (GRA). Existing research has only tested the impact of traditional media use and has reached inconsistent results, while few studies have addressed the impact of social media use on women’s GRA. </p> Methods <p>By utilizing nationally representative data from China and employing an instrumental variable approach, this study examined how social media use influenced women’s GRA and the moderating roles of education and <i>Hukou</i> status. </p> Results <p>Both Ordinary Least Squares and Two-Stage Least Squares regressions indicated that social media use led to more egalitarian gender attitudes among women, with a more pronounced effect on women with lower education levels and rural <i>Hukou</i>. A robustness check using another nationally representative dataset also supported the positive effect of social media use and egalitarian gender attitudes and the moderated effects of education and <i>Hukou</i> status.</p> Conclusion <p>This study revealed the causal effect of social media use on women’s GRA and expanded the literature on media use and women’s GRA. </p> Policy Implications <p>Both governmental and nongovernmental organizations can design and implement initiatives that expand access to social media and promote its use in rural areas and among women with lower education levels.</p>

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Does Social Media Use Affect Women’s Gender Role Attitudes? An Instrumental Variable Quantile Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月8日

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  • Wenlong Mu,
  • Qinyu Chen,
  • Weize Cheng,
  • Lanxin Jiang

摘要

Introduction

Media is considered a key element affecting women’sgender role attitudes (GRA). Existing research has only tested the impact of traditional media use and has reached inconsistent results, while few studies have addressed the impact of social media use on women’s GRA.

Methods

By utilizing nationally representative data from China and employing an instrumental variable approach, this study examined how social media use influenced women’s GRA and the moderating roles of education and Hukou status.

Results

Both Ordinary Least Squares and Two-Stage Least Squares regressions indicated that social media use led to more egalitarian gender attitudes among women, with a more pronounced effect on women with lower education levels and rural Hukou. A robustness check using another nationally representative dataset also supported the positive effect of social media use and egalitarian gender attitudes and the moderated effects of education and Hukou status.

Conclusion

This study revealed the causal effect of social media use on women’s GRA and expanded the literature on media use and women’s GRA.

Policy Implications

Both governmental and nongovernmental organizations can design and implement initiatives that expand access to social media and promote its use in rural areas and among women with lower education levels.