<p>This study examined whether automated vehicles using an external human-machine interface (eHMI) to indicate their intention to yield or not yield the road are as effective as manually driven vehicles whose drivers use hand gestures. The experiment was conducted using a driving simulator to replicate a merging scenario in which participants entered the main lane from an off-road facility. The main-line vehicles were either manually or automatically driven, and scenarios included both yielding and non-yielding behaviors. Participants had to assess the main-line vehicle’s intention to yield. TEXT eHMI of the automated vehicle could convey the intention to yield as quickly and clearly as, or more quickly than, the driver’s hand sign. Although the TEXT eHMI could communicate the intention to yield even in situations where the vehicle did not yield the right of way, suggesting that it may be more appropriate to simply present information on the driving operation status of the automated driving system and the continuation of vehicle behavior. The Automated Driving System (ADS) Lamp eHMI, which indicates that the vehicle is in automated operation, did not change the driver’s maneuvers for merging because it did not specifically present the intention to yield.</p>