<p>Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varvec{N=\displaystyle \prod _{i=1}^{k}p_i^{a_i}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">N</mi> <mo mathvariant="bold">=</mo> <munderover> <mo mathvariant="bold">∏</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">i</mi> <mo mathvariant="bold">=</mo> <mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">k</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">i</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">i</mi> </msub> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a fixed positive integer with known prime factorization. We investigate bootstrap resampling from the prime-factor multiset of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>N</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and study two associated statistics, namely the log-product of the resampled integer and the number of distinct observed primes appearing in the resample. It is shown that the log-product has explicit mean and variance determined by the empirical law of the logarithms of the observed primes, while bootstrap-<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is an occupancy sum with explicit mean, variance, and negative pairwise covariance structure. In the square-free case, exact formulas are obtained and asymptotic constants are identified, yielding a benchmark on the Erdős–Kac scale in random-like regimes. Numerical experiments on a synthetic corpus of factorizations illustrate the formulas, the square-free benchmark, and the behavior of the diagnostics across smooth, square-free, spiky, and mixed factorization regimes.</p>

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Bootstrap Diagnostics for Fixed Factored Integers

  • Suman Sanyal,
  • Abhinav Pillai

摘要

Let \(\varvec{N=\displaystyle \prod _{i=1}^{k}p_i^{a_i}}\) N = i = 1 k p i a i be a fixed positive integer with known prime factorization. We investigate bootstrap resampling from the prime-factor multiset of \(N\) N and study two associated statistics, namely the log-product of the resampled integer and the number of distinct observed primes appearing in the resample. It is shown that the log-product has explicit mean and variance determined by the empirical law of the logarithms of the observed primes, while bootstrap- \(\omega \) ω is an occupancy sum with explicit mean, variance, and negative pairwise covariance structure. In the square-free case, exact formulas are obtained and asymptotic constants are identified, yielding a benchmark on the Erdős–Kac scale in random-like regimes. Numerical experiments on a synthetic corpus of factorizations illustrate the formulas, the square-free benchmark, and the behavior of the diagnostics across smooth, square-free, spiky, and mixed factorization regimes.