<p>Organic cotton farmers in southern Mali use various farming strategies depending on their resources’ ownership. This study investigates to characterize these farmers and the key factors shaping their farming strategies. Data were collected from 190 organic cotton farmers through individual interviews. Principal component analysis and hierarchical ascending classification were used to characterize the types of organic farmers based on their production and institutional factors. Ordinal logistic regression was used to estimate factors influencing organic farmers’ membership in each type. Four distinct types were identified, varying mainly by farm size, cattle ownership, and equipment. The first type of organic farmers (T1) consists of smallholders with limited equipment; the second type (T2) has smallholder farmers with few cattle; the third type (T3) includes medium-sized farms with cattle; and the fourth type (T4) covers large farms possessing a significant number of cattle. Belonging to these types of organic farmers groups is significantly influenced by gender, organic farming size, self-produced biopesticides, labor, input costs, and contact with extension services. Labor availability and specific support in terms of extension services particularly by training organic farmers in transforming plant extracts into biopesticides will enhance farmers’ strategies and promote sustainable organic cotton production.</p>