<p>Declining agricultural productivity is a major problem experienced by farmers in developing countries. In this context, the dissemination of sustainable agroecological practices offers a promising approach to enhancing agricultural production sustainably. This study explored the extent of adoption of agroecological practices in Ruangwa District, Tanzania and its determinant factors. A cross-sectional research design was deployed to gather data from 252 randomly selected farmers through questionnaire surveys and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics revealed that crop diversification and intercropping were the commonly adopted agroecological practices among all farmers. In contrast, practices such as minimum soil tillage, organic fertilizer application, ridge farming, and crop residue incorporation were predominantly adopted by farmers exposed to the RIPAT approach compared to those without exposure. Crop rotation and the use of natural pesticides were the least adopted agroecological practices. A chi-square test indicated statistically significant difference in the levels of adoption of agroecological practices between the two groups of farmers (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Farmers exposed to the RIPAT approach demonstrated higher levels of adoption compared to their counterparts. The results also highlighted that extension officers and fellow farmers were the primary sources of agricultural and agroecological information. The multiple linear regression results further revealed that livestock keeping, access to information, and exposure to the RIPAT approach significantly influenced the adoption levels of agroecological practices. The study recommends promoting livestock integration to provide farmers with access to organic manure, a vital component of agroecological farming systems. Additionally, scaling up participatory extension models is essential for equipping farmers with practical knowledge and skills thereby enhancing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices.</p>