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Automorphism groups of bordered non-orientable Klein surfaces of topological genus 4

  • María de Leyva Elola-Olaso

摘要

The aim of this paper is to obtain the automorphism groups of compact non-orientable Klein surfaces of topological genus 4 with \(k>0\) k > 0 boundary components. These groups clearly depend on the number of boundary components, that is, the value of k. The starting point of the paper is the analogous result for surfaces without boundary components, that is \(k=0\) k = 0 , obtained by Bujalance, Etayo and Martínez (2014), since it can be proven that a group that acts on a surface with boundary components also acts on surfaces of the same topological type without boundary components. The proof is parallel to the approach followed by Bujalance, Etayo and Martínez (2023) for surfaces of topological genus 3. It is worth noting that as the topological genus of the surface increases, so do the order of the groups of automorphisms and the complexity of their algebraic structure, and hence the difficulty of the computational problem.