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<p>The multivariate-based unbalanced oil and vinegar signature scheme (UOV) is one of the candidates for post-quantum cryptography (PQC). UOV is a well-established signature scheme owing to its short signature and fast performance, but its public key is much larger than that of other PQC candidates. At ASIACRYPT 2021, Furue et al. proposed quotient ring UOV (QR-UOV) as a new variant of UOV, which reduces the public key size compared to the plain UOV. This QR-UOV has been submitted to the NIST PQC standardization of additional digital signature schemes and has recently been selected as a second-round candidate. In this work, we extend the original ASIACRYPT 2021 paper by providing additional analyses focusing on security and performance aspects of QR-UOV. In particular, we prove that the EUF-CMA security of QR-UOV can be based on the hardness of two underlying problems. From a practical security point of view, we present variants of attacks that exploit the QR structure and analyze their efficiency. Further, we improve the implementation of QR-UOV on various platforms and analyze the performance.</p>

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Post-quantum multivariate signature scheme QR-UOV: Security, parameters, and implementations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月11日

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  • Hiroki Furue,
  • Yasuhiko Ikematsu,
  • Fumitaka Hoshino,
  • Tsuyoshi Takagi,
  • Haruhisa Kosuge,
  • Kimihiro Yamakoshi,
  • Rika Akiyama,
  • Satoshi Nakamura,
  • Shingo Orihara,
  • Koha Kinjo

摘要

The multivariate-based unbalanced oil and vinegar signature scheme (UOV) is one of the candidates for post-quantum cryptography (PQC). UOV is a well-established signature scheme owing to its short signature and fast performance, but its public key is much larger than that of other PQC candidates. At ASIACRYPT 2021, Furue et al. proposed quotient ring UOV (QR-UOV) as a new variant of UOV, which reduces the public key size compared to the plain UOV. This QR-UOV has been submitted to the NIST PQC standardization of additional digital signature schemes and has recently been selected as a second-round candidate. In this work, we extend the original ASIACRYPT 2021 paper by providing additional analyses focusing on security and performance aspects of QR-UOV. In particular, we prove that the EUF-CMA security of QR-UOV can be based on the hardness of two underlying problems. From a practical security point of view, we present variants of attacks that exploit the QR structure and analyze their efficiency. Further, we improve the implementation of QR-UOV on various platforms and analyze the performance.