Spatial patterns of stable solutions to the bistable reaction–diffusion equation on metric graphs
摘要
We study the bistable reaction–diffusion equation on metric graphs subject to Neumann boundary conditions at the endpoints and Kirchhoff’s law at the nodes. Specifically, we focus on star-graphs and graphs constructed by joining multiple star-graphs. The purpose of this article is to construct stable and unstable nonconstant stationary solutions with precise profiles for these graphs with sufficiently long edges. To achieve this, we derive a reduced energy functional for approximate solutions on the star-graph and identify the solutions and their stability in terms of critical points of this energy. By gluing together solutions obtained for identical star-graphs, we extend them to the graphs formed by joining the star-graphs. We then apply the comparison principle to establish the stability of the solutions. A variety of graphs allowing stable and unstable nonconstant stationary solutions are also demonstrated as concrete examples.