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<p>The Liaohe River Estuary (LEW) is a typical <i>Suaeda salsa</i>-dominated coastal wetland, which plays an important role in international biodiversity conservation. In this study, we used Landsat images of 4 periods from 1985 to 2020 as a data source, and adopted the landscape vulnerability index (LVI) to analyze its spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and spatial autocorrelation. The results show: (1) During 1985–2020, the landscape pattern of the LEW underwent significant spatial and temporal changes, including a 21.00% decrease in natural wetlands area, a 20.73% increase in artificial wetlands area, and a 0.26% increase in non-wetlands area. (2) The overall vulnerability of the landscape pattern tends to increase from 1985 to 2020. According to the range of LVI values, very low vulnerability zones (LVI &lt; 0.11) and low vulnerability zones (0.11 ≤ LVI &lt; 0.20) are the main types of vulnerability classes, which account for 79%-81% of the total area. (3) The landscape pattern vulnerability in the LEW showed a significant positive spatial correlation and high spatial clustering. The global Moran values were 0.546, 0.581, 0.555, and 0.606 in 1985, 2000, 2015, and 2020, respectively, with a fluctuating increase in the overall spatial clustering of landscape pattern vulnerability. Therefore, region-specific management strategies should be implemented to further enhance the ecological function of estuarine wetlands in response to the vulnerability characteristics of different natural landscapes.</p>

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Evolution and Vulnerability Assessment of Wetland Landscape Pattern in the Liaohe Estuary Over the Past 35 Years

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Xiaojun Yang,
  • Dongmei Zheng,
  • Yanru Sun

摘要

The Liaohe River Estuary (LEW) is a typical Suaeda salsa-dominated coastal wetland, which plays an important role in international biodiversity conservation. In this study, we used Landsat images of 4 periods from 1985 to 2020 as a data source, and adopted the landscape vulnerability index (LVI) to analyze its spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and spatial autocorrelation. The results show: (1) During 1985–2020, the landscape pattern of the LEW underwent significant spatial and temporal changes, including a 21.00% decrease in natural wetlands area, a 20.73% increase in artificial wetlands area, and a 0.26% increase in non-wetlands area. (2) The overall vulnerability of the landscape pattern tends to increase from 1985 to 2020. According to the range of LVI values, very low vulnerability zones (LVI < 0.11) and low vulnerability zones (0.11 ≤ LVI < 0.20) are the main types of vulnerability classes, which account for 79%-81% of the total area. (3) The landscape pattern vulnerability in the LEW showed a significant positive spatial correlation and high spatial clustering. The global Moran values were 0.546, 0.581, 0.555, and 0.606 in 1985, 2000, 2015, and 2020, respectively, with a fluctuating increase in the overall spatial clustering of landscape pattern vulnerability. Therefore, region-specific management strategies should be implemented to further enhance the ecological function of estuarine wetlands in response to the vulnerability characteristics of different natural landscapes.