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<p>Temporary ponds are freshwater ecosystems, notable for their biodiversity and presence of endemic and threatened species. However, knowledge about their plant communities within the Río de la Plata Grasslands is limited. This study documents the diversity of vascular plants observed in 61 temporary ponds in the Laguna de Castillos basin, Uruguay, between 2005 and 2023. Species habit, life-cycle, life forms, origin and conservation status were assessed. Taxonomic and functional diversity were analyzed using species richness and frequency. The temporary ponds communities were highly diverse, with a total of 157 species across 6.5 hectares. The most representative families in terms of richness and abundance were Poaceae (S = 41 spp., Freq = 90%) and Cyperaceae (S = 16 spp., Freq = 88%). Perennial herbaceous species were prevalent, dominated by Hemicryptophytes (S = 76 spp., Freq = 99%) and Therophytes (S = 40 spp., Freq = 60%). Amphibious plants exhibited high richness (56 spp.) and frequency (90%), while Terrestrials (S = 59 spp., Freq = 27%), and Macrophytes (S = 43 spp., Freq = 96%) displayed contrasting trends. Life forms reflected adaptations to temporary environments, such as hydroperiod-linked life cycles and wide hydric tolerance. Most species were native (134), including 25 regionally endemic or conservation-priority taxa. This study provides the first report of vascular flora in temporary ponds covering such a long-time scale and wide gradient of local environments. Results highlight these ponds as critical ecosystems for wetland biodiversity conservation.</p>

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Plant Diversity of Temporary Ponds in the Castillos Lagoon Watershed, Uruguay: A Long-Term Study of Life Forms and Floristic Composition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Verónica Pinelli,
  • Mariana Illarze,
  • Lucía Rodríguez-Tricot,
  • Andrés Rossado,
  • Pedro Pañella,
  • César Fagúndez-Pachón,
  • Juan Manuel Piñeiro-Guerra,
  • Mauro Berazategui,
  • Esteban Ortiz,
  • Ana Inés Borthagaray,
  • Matías Arim

摘要

Temporary ponds are freshwater ecosystems, notable for their biodiversity and presence of endemic and threatened species. However, knowledge about their plant communities within the Río de la Plata Grasslands is limited. This study documents the diversity of vascular plants observed in 61 temporary ponds in the Laguna de Castillos basin, Uruguay, between 2005 and 2023. Species habit, life-cycle, life forms, origin and conservation status were assessed. Taxonomic and functional diversity were analyzed using species richness and frequency. The temporary ponds communities were highly diverse, with a total of 157 species across 6.5 hectares. The most representative families in terms of richness and abundance were Poaceae (S = 41 spp., Freq = 90%) and Cyperaceae (S = 16 spp., Freq = 88%). Perennial herbaceous species were prevalent, dominated by Hemicryptophytes (S = 76 spp., Freq = 99%) and Therophytes (S = 40 spp., Freq = 60%). Amphibious plants exhibited high richness (56 spp.) and frequency (90%), while Terrestrials (S = 59 spp., Freq = 27%), and Macrophytes (S = 43 spp., Freq = 96%) displayed contrasting trends. Life forms reflected adaptations to temporary environments, such as hydroperiod-linked life cycles and wide hydric tolerance. Most species were native (134), including 25 regionally endemic or conservation-priority taxa. This study provides the first report of vascular flora in temporary ponds covering such a long-time scale and wide gradient of local environments. Results highlight these ponds as critical ecosystems for wetland biodiversity conservation.