Continuous Flowering of Different Strata Enables Resource Stability in a Tropical Vereda Wetland
摘要
Fluctuations in the availability of resources throughout the year allow us to understand the reproductive dynamics of plant species. In the humid areas of the Cerrado, veredas are considered important hygrophilous communities for water balance and supply. This study investigated the flowering phenology of a vereda wetland in Campo Grande, Brazil, over 12 months, analyzing floral resource availability and its relationship with climatic variables. We expected continuous floral resource distribution, with higher intensity during periods of increased precipitation, temperature, and photoperiod. Floral traits (type, color, resource), plant life forms (tree/non-tree), and resource distribution (seasonal/continuous) were characterized, and circular statistics and correlations were used to assess phenological patterns. We recorded 58 species from 25 families, predominantly arboreal. Flowering richness and abundance were positively influenced by precipitation and temperature, with no significant seasonality observed. Floral resources peaked during the rainy season but were available year-round, dominated by white and yellow flowers (likely pollinated by bees and insects) and nectar as the primary resource. This research provides novel insights into the floral traits and phenology of vereda species, addressing a gap in studies that have focused mainly on trees while neglecting herbaceous strata. By examining both woody and herbaceous communities, we highlight the year-round availability of floral resources and potential pollinator interactions, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of these threatened wetland ecosystems.