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<p>We measured and described two stratigraphic sections of Upper Jurassic Antalo Limestone Formation at Hagere-selam and Wukro to conduct a detailed analysis of marine invertebrate macrofossil and trace fossil assemblages within the Antalo Limestone of the Mekelle Basin. This study provides the first comprehensive systematic description, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and paleobiogeographic analysis of benthic marine invertebrates and trace fossils from the Antalo Limestone Formation. Using a multi-method approach involving field observations, in-situ morphological description, lab-based microscopy, and comparative analysis with type specimens, 26 species were identified. Among these, <i>Somalirhynchia giddiyata</i>, <i>Loboidothyris hypocistis</i>, <i>Bihenithyris barringtoni</i>, <i>Arabatia bihinensis</i> (Weir, 1929); <i>Cererithyris wylliei</i> Weir, 1929; <i>Jordanithyris ardainensis gen. et</i> sp.<i> nov.</i>; <i>Ptyctothyris quillyensis</i> (Bayle, 1878); <i>Zeilleria cf. waiohipaens</i> Sowerby, 1824; <i>Dorsoplicathyris dorsoplicata</i> (Suessin Deslongchamps, 1856), <i>Lacunaerhynchia palma</i>, <i>Mesomiltha pulchra</i>, <i>Regalilima</i> sp., <i>Cladocoropsis mirabilis</i>, <i>Millericrinina</i> sp. indet., <i>Digonioceras enayi</i>, <i>Phycodes cf. palmatus</i>, <i>Thalassinoides suevicus</i>, and <i>Rhizocorallium commune</i> are recorded for the first time from the Jurassic of Northern Ethiopia. This assemblage supports the existence of a distinct Upper Jurassic Arabian-East African (Ethiopian) Province, with the fossil species confirming a marine connection between Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, East Africa, Lebanon, and Jordan. Furthermore, the fossils indicate a shallow-to-deep marine environment heavily influenced by the Tethys Ocean, consistent with a homoclinal carbonate ramp setting. The Antalo Limestone in the Mekelle Basin is biocorrelative with the Antalo Limestone of the Blue Nile basin, the Urandab Formation of the Ogaden Basin, the Garura and Gedaara Formations of northern Somalia, the Amran Series of Yemen, and the Hanifa Formation of Saudi Arabia.</p>

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Systematic paleontology, biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography of invertebrate macrofauna and trace fossils from the Upper Jurassic Antalo Limestone Formation, Mekelle Basin, Northern Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

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  • Werede Girmay,
  • Balemwal Atnafu,
  • Mulugeta Feseha,
  • Angesom Resom,
  • Brhanemeskel Weleabzgi

摘要

We measured and described two stratigraphic sections of Upper Jurassic Antalo Limestone Formation at Hagere-selam and Wukro to conduct a detailed analysis of marine invertebrate macrofossil and trace fossil assemblages within the Antalo Limestone of the Mekelle Basin. This study provides the first comprehensive systematic description, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and paleobiogeographic analysis of benthic marine invertebrates and trace fossils from the Antalo Limestone Formation. Using a multi-method approach involving field observations, in-situ morphological description, lab-based microscopy, and comparative analysis with type specimens, 26 species were identified. Among these, Somalirhynchia giddiyata, Loboidothyris hypocistis, Bihenithyris barringtoni, Arabatia bihinensis (Weir, 1929); Cererithyris wylliei Weir, 1929; Jordanithyris ardainensis gen. et sp. nov.; Ptyctothyris quillyensis (Bayle, 1878); Zeilleria cf. waiohipaens Sowerby, 1824; Dorsoplicathyris dorsoplicata (Suessin Deslongchamps, 1856), Lacunaerhynchia palma, Mesomiltha pulchra, Regalilima sp., Cladocoropsis mirabilis, Millericrinina sp. indet., Digonioceras enayi, Phycodes cf. palmatus, Thalassinoides suevicus, and Rhizocorallium commune are recorded for the first time from the Jurassic of Northern Ethiopia. This assemblage supports the existence of a distinct Upper Jurassic Arabian-East African (Ethiopian) Province, with the fossil species confirming a marine connection between Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, East Africa, Lebanon, and Jordan. Furthermore, the fossils indicate a shallow-to-deep marine environment heavily influenced by the Tethys Ocean, consistent with a homoclinal carbonate ramp setting. The Antalo Limestone in the Mekelle Basin is biocorrelative with the Antalo Limestone of the Blue Nile basin, the Urandab Formation of the Ogaden Basin, the Garura and Gedaara Formations of northern Somalia, the Amran Series of Yemen, and the Hanifa Formation of Saudi Arabia.