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<p>This study investigates the hydrogeochemical processes, isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O, δ²H, ³H), and usability characteristics of groundwater in the Manavgat Basin (Antalya, Türkiye), with the aim of identifying the key mechanisms controlling water chemistry and assessing its suitability for drinking and irrigation. A total of 149 groundwater samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, major ions, and isotopic signatures. Hydrochemical evaluation revealed that groundwater is predominantly of Ca–Mg–HCO₃ and Mg–HCO₃ facies, controlled mainly by carbonate rock dissolution. Locally, Na–Cl facies, particularly in coastal wells indicate limited seawater intrusion. Seasonal variations of pH, EC, and DO suggest dilution and recharge effects during the wet season, whereas enhanced mineralization and oxygen consumption characterize the dry season. Geochemical indicators, confirmed the roles of carbonate and silicate weathering, gypsum dissolution, and ion-exchange processes, with minor contributions from evaporation. Stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O, δ²H) demonstrated that groundwater is primarily derived from local precipitation with limited evaporation signals. Tritium (³H) concentrations further indicated active recharge and short residence times in shallow aquifers, while deeper and coastal aquifers contain older groundwater components. Water quality assessment, showed that most samples are suitable for drinking, though elevated Fe, Mn, and Pb levels in certain locations highlight localized geogenic and/or anthropogenic impacts. For irrigation, EC and SAR values classify most waters as suitable, but potential salinity hazards exist in areas affected by seawater mixing. Overall, the integration of hydrogeochemical and isotopic approaches reveals a dynamic groundwater system, emphasizing the need for sustainable management to mitigate local risks from salinity and trace element enrichment under increasing anthropogenic and climatic pressures.</p>

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Assessment of hydrochemical processes, isotopic characterization (δ18O, δ2H and 3H) and relevant usability characteristics of the groundwaters in Manavgat basin (Antalya, Turkey)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Arzu Er,
  • Şehnaz Şener

摘要

This study investigates the hydrogeochemical processes, isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O, δ²H, ³H), and usability characteristics of groundwater in the Manavgat Basin (Antalya, Türkiye), with the aim of identifying the key mechanisms controlling water chemistry and assessing its suitability for drinking and irrigation. A total of 149 groundwater samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, major ions, and isotopic signatures. Hydrochemical evaluation revealed that groundwater is predominantly of Ca–Mg–HCO₃ and Mg–HCO₃ facies, controlled mainly by carbonate rock dissolution. Locally, Na–Cl facies, particularly in coastal wells indicate limited seawater intrusion. Seasonal variations of pH, EC, and DO suggest dilution and recharge effects during the wet season, whereas enhanced mineralization and oxygen consumption characterize the dry season. Geochemical indicators, confirmed the roles of carbonate and silicate weathering, gypsum dissolution, and ion-exchange processes, with minor contributions from evaporation. Stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O, δ²H) demonstrated that groundwater is primarily derived from local precipitation with limited evaporation signals. Tritium (³H) concentrations further indicated active recharge and short residence times in shallow aquifers, while deeper and coastal aquifers contain older groundwater components. Water quality assessment, showed that most samples are suitable for drinking, though elevated Fe, Mn, and Pb levels in certain locations highlight localized geogenic and/or anthropogenic impacts. For irrigation, EC and SAR values classify most waters as suitable, but potential salinity hazards exist in areas affected by seawater mixing. Overall, the integration of hydrogeochemical and isotopic approaches reveals a dynamic groundwater system, emphasizing the need for sustainable management to mitigate local risks from salinity and trace element enrichment under increasing anthropogenic and climatic pressures.