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<p>The bedded chert in the Balambo Formation at Said Sadiq area was studied to determine the origin of the silica and its provenance. For this purpose, twenty samples were analyzed for major, trace and rare-earth elements. The silica content was very high (average = 81.7 wt%) and the non-terrigenous silica fraction ranged from 44 to 100% (average = 88%) with low Mn and Fe content. These features indicate a primarily biogenic origin of the silica that deposited in deep environment under upwelling area. The trace element ratios indicate deposition of the chert beds in a deep marine environment, with a felsic-intermediate provenance for the clastic fraction. These features are highly similar to that of the Qulqula Radiolarian Chert, suggesting that these bedded cherts may represent a tongue of the Qulqula Radiolarian Chert.</p>

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Origin of the bedded chert in the Balambo Formation from geochemical analyses, at Said Sadiq area, Sulaimani governate, Northeastern Iraq

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Arkan I. Al-Khazraji,
  • Mohamed W. Alkhafaji

摘要

The bedded chert in the Balambo Formation at Said Sadiq area was studied to determine the origin of the silica and its provenance. For this purpose, twenty samples were analyzed for major, trace and rare-earth elements. The silica content was very high (average = 81.7 wt%) and the non-terrigenous silica fraction ranged from 44 to 100% (average = 88%) with low Mn and Fe content. These features indicate a primarily biogenic origin of the silica that deposited in deep environment under upwelling area. The trace element ratios indicate deposition of the chert beds in a deep marine environment, with a felsic-intermediate provenance for the clastic fraction. These features are highly similar to that of the Qulqula Radiolarian Chert, suggesting that these bedded cherts may represent a tongue of the Qulqula Radiolarian Chert.