<p>The Nile Delta Basin, situated in northern Egypt, extends offshore into the eastern Mediterranean province, a region known for its significant hydrocarbon potential. This offshore part has proven to be highly productive, with recent discoveries and considerable undiscovered reserves. The Oligocene deposits represent the primary source rocks for hydrocarbon generation in the offshore Nile Delta Basin. This study employs 3D basin modeling to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the Oligocene source rocks and to validate the viability of the Oligocene petroleum system. A comprehensive integration of seismic data, well logs, and geochemical analyses data was conducted to ensure accurate basin modeling inputs, resulting in a well-calibrated and robust model. The findings indicate significant hydrocarbon generation potential within the Oligocene source rocks, the results show that, there are two units of source rocks with different onset expulsion time and different volumes of generated hydrocarbon; the Chattian unit has total generated hydrocarbon volumes 62.94 trillion cubic feet (TCF) started at 5.22&#xa0;Ma and the Rupelian unit has total generated hydrocarbon volumes 608.42 TCF started at 21.8&#xa0;Ma. This significant disparity in generated volumes is attributed to the greater thickness of the Rupelian source rock, the presence of a thicker overburden, its older depositional age, and higher cumulative thermal exposure compared to the Chattian source rock. The findings reinforce the prospectivity of the offshore Nile Delta Basin and underscore the need for more and more exploration efforts in the region.</p>