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<p>While the significant role of boundary-spanning search in facilitating business model innovation (BMI) has been recognized, previous research has not addressed the variations in search timing and its effects on different types of BMI. We proposed that whether firms lead or follow in search activities influences the different types of acquired knowledge and innovation outcomes. Hence, building a theoretical model, we here examined how proactive and responsive searches affect exploratory and exploitative capabilities, which in turn impact novelty-centered and efficiency-centered BMI. Conducting the polynomial regression analysis of data from 260 firms, we found that proactive search had an inverted <i>U</i>-shaped relationship with exploratory capability and novelty-centered BMI. Responsive search enhanced exploitative capability and efficiency-centered BMI but negatively impacted novelty-centered BMI. Additionally, exploratory capability mediated the relationship between proactive search and novelty-centered BMI, and exploitative capability mediated the relationship between responsive search and efficiency-centered BMI. By highlighting the importance of search timing relative to peers in search strategies, we enrich the research on boundary-spanning search and provide valuable insights for firms in selecting the appropriate search strategies and capabilities when pursuing BMI.</p>

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Leading or Following? How Boundary-Spanning Search Affects Business Model Innovation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月13日

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  • Nan Wang,
  • Zihan Tang,
  • Xiaoyan Zhang,
  • Zimeng Wu

摘要

While the significant role of boundary-spanning search in facilitating business model innovation (BMI) has been recognized, previous research has not addressed the variations in search timing and its effects on different types of BMI. We proposed that whether firms lead or follow in search activities influences the different types of acquired knowledge and innovation outcomes. Hence, building a theoretical model, we here examined how proactive and responsive searches affect exploratory and exploitative capabilities, which in turn impact novelty-centered and efficiency-centered BMI. Conducting the polynomial regression analysis of data from 260 firms, we found that proactive search had an inverted U-shaped relationship with exploratory capability and novelty-centered BMI. Responsive search enhanced exploitative capability and efficiency-centered BMI but negatively impacted novelty-centered BMI. Additionally, exploratory capability mediated the relationship between proactive search and novelty-centered BMI, and exploitative capability mediated the relationship between responsive search and efficiency-centered BMI. By highlighting the importance of search timing relative to peers in search strategies, we enrich the research on boundary-spanning search and provide valuable insights for firms in selecting the appropriate search strategies and capabilities when pursuing BMI.