Risk Management and Strategies to Alleviate Risks of Public–Private Partnership (PPP) in Conflict-torn Palestine

There are not many publications that discuss the difficulties of PPPs (public–private partnerships) in war-torn areas. As a result, the main causes of the unsuccessful PPPs in war-torn areas such as Palestine, especially the Gaza Strip, are the lack of enough evidence to provide feasible and effective methods to mitigate the issues. The success of PPPs may be hampered by stakeholder insecurity about making financial and non-financial investments in conflict zones compared to non-conflict zones. The goal of this study is to identify the most effective methods for easing the difficulties that PPP construction projects encounter and to highlight the practical applications of those methods. Thirty-six specialists were questioned to provide solutions to 21 problems and suggest the time frames for carrying them out. The relevance of each risk and the viability and effectiveness of its remedies were the three outcomes that were used to rank the application potentials of the suggested strategies. Physical insecurity brought on by Israel–Palestine wars is the most unfavorable risk, but the most important solutions were correlated with the absence of government support for PPP development projects. While the issues raised are common in locations affected by armed conflict, the Gaza Strip is highlighted in this study due to its particular circumstances. The solutions outlined can be used by practitioners to get around PPP risks in other war areas. Additionally, the results can enhance the risk distribution in this building project and add to the body of PPP literature.