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<p>This study aims to evaluate submesoscale process realism in high-resolution simulations and identify the optimal wavenumber truncation for separating true small-scale dynamics from numerical artifacts. A mesoscale eddy in the western South China Sea was simulated using the Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model (SCHISM) with three nested horizontal resolutions: (1/50)° (∼2.0 km), (1/100)° (∼1.1 km), and (1/200)° (∼550 m) respectively. Eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and its wavenumber spectra were analyzed based on model results. Results show all simulations reproduced the main anticyclonic eddy structure; EKE increased with resolution, and finer grids extended EKE spectra to submesoscale with a theoretical slope of −3. The traditional 2 times grid spacing Nyquist truncation caused spurious numerical dissipation, while a 4–6 times grid spacing truncation effectively suppressed artifacts. This study suggests that a 4–6 times grid spacing truncation provides a practical guideline for multi-resolution ocean models, providing guidance for submesoscale-eddy simulations in complex terrains.</p>

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Assessing multi-resolution simulations of mesoscale eddies in the South China Sea: from dynamical consistency to submesoscale fidelity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Zhixiang Wang,
  • Xunqiang Yin,
  • Xiongbo Zheng,
  • Fangli Qiao

摘要

This study aims to evaluate submesoscale process realism in high-resolution simulations and identify the optimal wavenumber truncation for separating true small-scale dynamics from numerical artifacts. A mesoscale eddy in the western South China Sea was simulated using the Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model (SCHISM) with three nested horizontal resolutions: (1/50)° (∼2.0 km), (1/100)° (∼1.1 km), and (1/200)° (∼550 m) respectively. Eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and its wavenumber spectra were analyzed based on model results. Results show all simulations reproduced the main anticyclonic eddy structure; EKE increased with resolution, and finer grids extended EKE spectra to submesoscale with a theoretical slope of −3. The traditional 2 times grid spacing Nyquist truncation caused spurious numerical dissipation, while a 4–6 times grid spacing truncation effectively suppressed artifacts. This study suggests that a 4–6 times grid spacing truncation provides a practical guideline for multi-resolution ocean models, providing guidance for submesoscale-eddy simulations in complex terrains.