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<p>Seasonal cycles of phytoplankton blooms are crucial to marine ecosystems and highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations. Rapid climate change has a profound impact on regional environmental conditions, thereby affecting seasonal blooms at both regional and global scales. The western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean and has experienced accelerated climate change in recent decades. However, the impact of climate change on bloom dynamics in this region remains uncertain due to regional variability and the complex interplay of environmental factors. Using 26 a (1998–2023) of satellite data, this study examines patterns and trends in bloom seasonal metrics on the southern WAP, and further explores the impact of large-scale climate drivers. A key finding was a clear shift in bloom timing, with earlier and longer blooms observed during 2012–2023. These shifts were associated with reduced spring sea ice extent (SIE), which correlated with warming spring sea surface air temperatures (SAT). Atmospheric teleconnections, particularly the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in spring, were linked to changes in SAT and sea ice dynamics. This study highlights the role of climate drivers in altering bloom dynamics, potentially affecting local marine food webs, and underscores the need for further research to understand Antarctic ecosystem evolution under future climate scenarios.</p>

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Shifts in phytoplankton bloom cycle in the western Antarctic Peninsula associated with multiple large scale climate drivers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Kexin He,
  • Ke Zhang,
  • Shuo He,
  • Zhaoru Zhang,
  • Jianfeng He,
  • Chengfeng Le

摘要

Seasonal cycles of phytoplankton blooms are crucial to marine ecosystems and highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations. Rapid climate change has a profound impact on regional environmental conditions, thereby affecting seasonal blooms at both regional and global scales. The western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean and has experienced accelerated climate change in recent decades. However, the impact of climate change on bloom dynamics in this region remains uncertain due to regional variability and the complex interplay of environmental factors. Using 26 a (1998–2023) of satellite data, this study examines patterns and trends in bloom seasonal metrics on the southern WAP, and further explores the impact of large-scale climate drivers. A key finding was a clear shift in bloom timing, with earlier and longer blooms observed during 2012–2023. These shifts were associated with reduced spring sea ice extent (SIE), which correlated with warming spring sea surface air temperatures (SAT). Atmospheric teleconnections, particularly the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in spring, were linked to changes in SAT and sea ice dynamics. This study highlights the role of climate drivers in altering bloom dynamics, potentially affecting local marine food webs, and underscores the need for further research to understand Antarctic ecosystem evolution under future climate scenarios.