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<p>Carnitine (CAR) is a vital quaternary ammonium compound. However, the characteristics of CAR content and its influencing factors across different marine animal species remain poorly understood. This study examined the CAR content in 258 marine animals, representing 54 species across seven classes, collected from coastal and offshore regions of China and the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) between May 2020 and June 2022. The CAR content ranged from 0.01 mmol/kg to 1.33 mmol/kg, with a mean value of (0.15 ± 0.18) mmol/kg (mean ± standard deviation). The highest CAR content was observed in Crustacea [(0.48 ± 0.38) mmol/kg], which was four times greater than the average CAR content in the other classes [(0.12 ± 0.11) mmol/kg]. Overall, the CAR content exhibited minor variation among marine animals, potentially because the carnitine pool maintains its dynamic balance. Additionally, significant correlations were observed between the CAR content and environmental factors in some species: a negative correlation with seawater temperature and positive correlations with latitude, seawater salinity, and depth. These results suggest that the CAR content in marine animals is influenced by environmental changes. This study provides theoretical insights for understanding the characteristics and influencing factors of CAR content in marine animals.</p>

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Carnitine content and its influencing factors in marine animals collected from China’s offshore region and the Northwest Pacific Ocean

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Yufeng Gao,
  • Zhengguo Cui,
  • Jianwei Li,
  • Keming Qu,
  • Qingkui Wang,
  • Lanlan He,
  • Xiangtao Liu,
  • Xiner Zhao,
  • Liuyizhi Zhang,
  • Lingxiao Li,
  • Ying Bai,
  • Fangqun Dai,
  • Qingjing Hu

摘要

Carnitine (CAR) is a vital quaternary ammonium compound. However, the characteristics of CAR content and its influencing factors across different marine animal species remain poorly understood. This study examined the CAR content in 258 marine animals, representing 54 species across seven classes, collected from coastal and offshore regions of China and the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) between May 2020 and June 2022. The CAR content ranged from 0.01 mmol/kg to 1.33 mmol/kg, with a mean value of (0.15 ± 0.18) mmol/kg (mean ± standard deviation). The highest CAR content was observed in Crustacea [(0.48 ± 0.38) mmol/kg], which was four times greater than the average CAR content in the other classes [(0.12 ± 0.11) mmol/kg]. Overall, the CAR content exhibited minor variation among marine animals, potentially because the carnitine pool maintains its dynamic balance. Additionally, significant correlations were observed between the CAR content and environmental factors in some species: a negative correlation with seawater temperature and positive correlations with latitude, seawater salinity, and depth. These results suggest that the CAR content in marine animals is influenced by environmental changes. This study provides theoretical insights for understanding the characteristics and influencing factors of CAR content in marine animals.