<p>Sea ice and snow are the most sensitive and important crucial components of the global climate system, affecting the global climate by modulating the energy exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere. The sea near Zhongshan Station in Antarctica is covered by landfast sea ice, with snow depth influenced by both thermal factors and wind. This region frequently experiences katabatic winds and cyclones from the westerlies, leading to frequent snow blowing events that redistribute the snow and affects its depth, subsequently impacting the thermodynamic growth of sea ice. This study utilized the one-dimensional thermodynamic model ICEPACK to simulate landfast sea ice thickness and snow depth near Zhongshan Station in 2016. Two parameterization schemes for snow blowing, the Bulk scheme, and the ITDrdg (ITD/ridges) scheme are evaluated for their impact on snow depth. The results show that simulations using snow blowing schemes more closely align with observed results, with the ITDrdg scheme providing more accurate simulations, evidenced by root mean square errors of less than 10 cm for both snow depth and sea ice thickness. Snow blowing also impacts the thermodynamic growth of sea ice, particularly bottom growth. The sea ice bottom increases by 9.0 cm using the ITDrdg scheme compared to simulations without the snow blowing, accounting for 12.5% of total sea ice bottom growth. Furthermore, snow blowing process also influences snow ice formation, highlighting its primary role in affecting snow depth. Continued field observations of snow blowing are necessary to evaluate and improve parameterization schemes.</p>

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Simulation and analysis of the snow blowing on landfast sea ice, Antarctica

  • Guanghua Hao,
  • Hui Shen,
  • Yongming Sun

摘要

Sea ice and snow are the most sensitive and important crucial components of the global climate system, affecting the global climate by modulating the energy exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere. The sea near Zhongshan Station in Antarctica is covered by landfast sea ice, with snow depth influenced by both thermal factors and wind. This region frequently experiences katabatic winds and cyclones from the westerlies, leading to frequent snow blowing events that redistribute the snow and affects its depth, subsequently impacting the thermodynamic growth of sea ice. This study utilized the one-dimensional thermodynamic model ICEPACK to simulate landfast sea ice thickness and snow depth near Zhongshan Station in 2016. Two parameterization schemes for snow blowing, the Bulk scheme, and the ITDrdg (ITD/ridges) scheme are evaluated for their impact on snow depth. The results show that simulations using snow blowing schemes more closely align with observed results, with the ITDrdg scheme providing more accurate simulations, evidenced by root mean square errors of less than 10 cm for both snow depth and sea ice thickness. Snow blowing also impacts the thermodynamic growth of sea ice, particularly bottom growth. The sea ice bottom increases by 9.0 cm using the ITDrdg scheme compared to simulations without the snow blowing, accounting for 12.5% of total sea ice bottom growth. Furthermore, snow blowing process also influences snow ice formation, highlighting its primary role in affecting snow depth. Continued field observations of snow blowing are necessary to evaluate and improve parameterization schemes.