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<p>Recent genomic studies on <i>Dendrodoris</i> evolution revealed two distinct mitochondrial lineages corresponding to tuberculated and smooth mantle morphotypes, suggesting habitat transitions as a key driver of cladogenesis. However, limited taxon sampling and the absence of deep-sea specimens prevented more definitive conclusions. Here, we sequenced the molecular markers cytochrome oxidase 1 (<i>cox1</i>), large ribosomal subunit 16S (<i>16S</i>), and Histone 3 (<i>H3</i>) for the tuberculated <i>D. warta</i> and an unidentified deep-sea <i>Dendrodoris</i> species from the Gulf of Mexico. After incorporating these undersampled taxa into phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses, we recovered <i>D. warta</i> within the smooth <i>Dendrodoris</i> clade, and identified the deep-sea <i>Dendrodoris</i> species as the earliest diverging lineage within the smooth <i>Dendrodoris</i> clade. Interestingly, based on nuclear <i>H3</i> data, the deep-sea species is more closely related to the tuberculated species <i>D. atromaculata</i>. Supported by ancestral reconstruction state analyses, we hypothesize that <i>Dendrodoris</i> species experienced significant habitat transitions, from medium depths to intertidal environments, with a subsequent colonization of the deep-sea, accompanied by molecular and morphological evolution. Moreover, the species delimitation analyses conducted herein also indicate the presence of multiple species complexes, and provide molecular support for the description of the deep sea <i>Dendrodoris sinusensis</i> sp. nov. This study offers new insights into the evolutionary history of the genus <i>Dendrodoris</i>, highlighting ecological transitions and their impact on mitochondrial evolution. Future research on this group should focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms driving ecological transitions and their evolutionary consequences.</p>

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Insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the genus Dendrodoris (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) with the description of a new deep-sea species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月15日

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  • Carles Galià-Camps,
  • Alba Enguídanos García,
  • Janessa Cobb-Fletcher,
  • Emilio F. Garcia,
  • Ángel Valdés

摘要

Recent genomic studies on Dendrodoris evolution revealed two distinct mitochondrial lineages corresponding to tuberculated and smooth mantle morphotypes, suggesting habitat transitions as a key driver of cladogenesis. However, limited taxon sampling and the absence of deep-sea specimens prevented more definitive conclusions. Here, we sequenced the molecular markers cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1), large ribosomal subunit 16S (16S), and Histone 3 (H3) for the tuberculated D. warta and an unidentified deep-sea Dendrodoris species from the Gulf of Mexico. After incorporating these undersampled taxa into phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses, we recovered D. warta within the smooth Dendrodoris clade, and identified the deep-sea Dendrodoris species as the earliest diverging lineage within the smooth Dendrodoris clade. Interestingly, based on nuclear H3 data, the deep-sea species is more closely related to the tuberculated species D. atromaculata. Supported by ancestral reconstruction state analyses, we hypothesize that Dendrodoris species experienced significant habitat transitions, from medium depths to intertidal environments, with a subsequent colonization of the deep-sea, accompanied by molecular and morphological evolution. Moreover, the species delimitation analyses conducted herein also indicate the presence of multiple species complexes, and provide molecular support for the description of the deep sea Dendrodoris sinusensis sp. nov. This study offers new insights into the evolutionary history of the genus Dendrodoris, highlighting ecological transitions and their impact on mitochondrial evolution. Future research on this group should focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms driving ecological transitions and their evolutionary consequences.